ARCHIVÉ Glossaire des services sociaux - Glossaire anglais-inuktitut-français

ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᑦ

ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᒃ, ᓄᓇᑦᑕ ᐃᓕᓴᕐᕕᖓ, ᐃᖃᓗᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ

ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ-ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ-ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᓪ

ᓈᓂᕈᓯᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᐅᑦ – ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᑦ

ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕝᕖᑦ ᑐᕌᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᕈᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕈᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᓂᒃ, ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᓈᓂᕈᓯᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒋᑦ.

Lexique – lettre A Lexique – lettre B Lexique – lettre C Lexique – lettre D Lexique – lettre E Lexique – lettre F Lexique – lettre G Lexique – lettre H Lexique – lettre I Lexique – lettre J Lexique – lettre K Lexique – lettre L Lexique – lettre M Lexique – lettre N Lexique – lettre O Lexique – lettre P Lexique – lettre Q Lexique – lettre R Lexique – lettre S Lexique – lettre T Lexique – lettre U Lexique – lettre V Lexique – lettre W Lexique – lettre Y

A

Abnormal: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᓱᓐᖏᑦᑐᖅ: iliqqusiqsunngittuq: anormal

Not normal; not the usual way. Children who have fetal alcohol syndrome often have an abnormal-looking face.

Abstain: ᐱᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖅ, -ᐱᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᔪᖅ: pittailimaniq, pittailimajuq: s'abstenir

To keep oneself from doing something. This often refers to not drinking any alcohol. From now on, I will abstain; I won't drink at all.

Abstinent: ᐃᒪᐊᓗᒃᐸᙱᑦᑐᖅ: imialukpanngittuq: abstinent

Living a lifestyle where you do not do a certain behaviour. This usually refers to drinking alcohol. All staff at the alcohol treatment centre must be abstinent.

Abuse: ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ: aanniqsuiniq: agression; violence

• Physical abuse: ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ, ᓂᖓᕐᓂᖅ: aanniqsuiniq, ningarniq: violence physique
• Emotional abuse: ᐃᓱᒪᖓᒍᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ: isumangagut aanniqsuiniq: violence morale
• Sexual abuse: ᖁᓄᔪᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ: qunujurniarniq: abus sexuel
• Verbal abuse: ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ: uqausikkut aanniqsuiniq: abus verbal: Doing very bad things to someone. This can include things like hitting them (physical abuse), yelling and swearing at them (verbal abuse), making them feel and worthless (emotional abuse), or forcing them to do sexual things when they don't want to (sexual abuse).
• Substance abuse: ᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᓂᕐᓗᖕᓂᖅ: sururnaqtunik atunirlungniq: consommation abusive d'alcool ou de drogues: Using too much of any drug or alcohol so that it has bad effects on your life or body or mind.

Acid: ᐄᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᕝᕙᐅᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᓵᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᐅᑐᒃᑕᖃᕐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ: iijaullutik tavvaunngittunik tusaannaqtut tautuktaqarnaqłutiglu: acide

A common name for a kind of drug that makes you hear and feel and see strange things that aren't real.

A. C. O. A.: ᐃᓐᓇᐅᓕᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᒥᓗᐊᖅᐸᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᓂᑯᑦ: innauliqtut imiluaqpaktunik angajuqqaaqarnikut: E. E. A., enfants adultes d'alcooliques

This means "adult children of alcoholics."

Acting Out: ᐊᕿᑦᑐᖓᓴᒃᑐᖅ/ᑐᑭᖃᙱᓴᒃᑐᖅ: aqittungasaktuq/tukiqanngisaktuq: passage à l'acte

Behaving in a very bad way. The teacher had to remove the child from the classroom because he was acting out.

Acute: ᐱᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ: pivigjuaq: grave

Very serious. The children were in acute danger, so the RCMP came to take them out of the home.

Adapt: ᓱᖏᐅᑎᓂᖅ: sungiutiniq: s'adapter

To become used to something new. To change the way you usually do things, so that you fit into a new situation. Elders sometimes find it hard to adapt to modern ways.

Addict: ᑎᒻᒥ ᐅᐃᕆᓯᒪᔪᖅ: timmi uirisimajuq: toxicomane

A person who has such a strong need for some substance that he can't control his urge to have it; he is dependent on it and uses it even though it creates problems in his life.

Addictive: ᐅᐃᕆᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: uirinnaqtuq: dépendance

Causing a dependence, causing a strong and hard-to-control desire. Nicotine is very addictive... once you start smoking, it is very hard to stop.

Addictive Personality: ᐅᐃᕆᓴᕋᐃᑦᑐᖅ: uirisaraittuq: personnalité dépendante

Being the kind of person who easily becomes addicted to or dependent on a variety of things. She seems to have an addictive personality: she managed to give up drinking, but then she started smoking and exercising all the time.

Adequate: ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᖅ: naammaktuq: suffisant

Good enough. My pay is adequate... I can buy the things I need.

Adolescent: ᐃᓅᓱᒃᑐᖅ, ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᖅ, ᐅᕕᒃᑲᖅ: inuusuktuq, makkuktuq, uvikkaq: adolescent

A teenager; someone between the ages of 13 and 18.

Adrenaline: ᐊᐅᓚᔾᔭᐃᔪᑦ ᐆᒻᒪᑎᐅᑉ ᑎᓪᓕᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ: aulajjaijut uummatiup tillirniganik: adrénaline

A hormone produced by your body that speeds up your heart rate and certain other body processes when you are under stress or angry or scared.

Advocate: ᑕᐱᖅ: tapiq: avocat

Someone who is on your side, who will help you get what you need. The victim's advocate helped the woman get ready for telling the court what the man had done to her.

Affect¹: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: asijjiqtittiniq: influer sur

To cause a change; to have an influence on something. New laws could affect adoptions.

Affect²: ᐃᓗᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓃᑦ: ilukkut ikpingniit: émotion

Emotion, feelings. He showed no affect when told of his father's death.

Affection: ᐅᖓᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᖃᕐᕕᒋᓂᖅ: unganirmik ikpigijaqarviginiq: affection

A warm, loving feeling or behaviour. The children received lots of affection from all their relatives.

Aftercare: ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᔭᐅᓂᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᓂᖓ: ikajuqtuijauniq kajusininga: suivi

The help, guidance and care that a person receives after they have come out of a treatment program for a medical, psychological, or addictions problem. The community is setting up an aftercare program to help people stay away from alcohol after they come home from the treatment centre.

Aggravate¹: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅ: akaunngiliurutikkanniq: aggraver

To make something worse. Smoking will aggravate your breathing problem.

Aggravate²: ᐸᒡᕕᓇᖅᑐᖅ: pagvinaqtuq: exaspérer

To annoy someone, to make someone angry. It really aggravates me when he ignores me.

Aggression: ᓲᖑᓂᖅ: suunguniq: agression

Attacking someone, either physically (hitting and so on) or with angry words that are meant to scare or hurt the other person. He showed aggression whenever he didn't get his own way... he'd yell and start pushing people around.

Aggressive: ᓲᖑᔪᖅ: suungujuq: agressif

Being very forceful or pushy. She was very aggressive when she wanted something. . . she wouldn't accept no for an answer. Or, using physical or verbal attacks on someone. He was an aggressive boy, always starting fights with other children.

Agoraphobia: ᐃᓄᒋᐊᒃᑐᒥᒃ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᒋᔭᓕᒃ: inugiaktumik kappiagijalik: agoraphobie

A very strong uncontrollable fear of being out in a public place. She suffered from agoraphobia: she hadn't been out of her house in months.

Alcoholic: ᐃᒥᐊᓗᖕᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: imialungmut ajuliqsimajuq: alcoolique

A person who is addicted to alcohol.

Alcoholics Anonymous: ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖃᑎᒌᕝᕕᒃ: imialuktailimanirmut ikajuqatigiivvik: alcooliques anonymes

A group of people who have alcohol problems and help each other stay sober by meeting regularly and sharing their experiences.

Alienate: ᕿᒪᕉᑎᓂᖅ: qimaruutiniq: s'aliéner

To cause someone to feel unfriendly; to cause someone to pull away from other people. Because she never paid back the money she borrowed, she alienated all her friends.

Alienated: ᕿᒪᕉᑎᓯᒪᓂᖅ: qimaruutisimaniq: aliéné

Feeling separate or isolated from other people; unable to get emotionally close to others. Because of the abuse she suffered in her childhood, she felt alienated and alone and trusted no one.

Alternatives: ᓇᓖᕌᒐᒃᓴᑦ: naliiraagaksat: options

Different choices about what you can do. The judge gave the man two alternatives: he could go to jail, or he could go into an alcohol treatment program.

Ambiguous: ᓇᓗᓇᖅᑐᖅ (ᑐᑭᓯᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ): nalunaqtuq (tukisinnanngittuq): ambigu

Not having a clear meaning; can be interpreted in different ways. His answer was ambiguous; I wasn't sure if he agreed or not.

Ambivalent: ᒪᕐᕈᐃᓕᖓᓂᖅ: marruilinganiq: ambivalent

Feeling two different ways about something, and not able to decide what you really think. She was ambivalent about whether to keep the child because she already had several children but this was her first girl.

Amnesia: ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔪᓐᓇᐃᓪᓕᓯᒪᔪᖅ: iqqaumajunnaillisimajuq: amnésie

Being unable to remember whole blocks of time or events. This is usually caused by an injury to the brain, or by a strong psychological shock, or by very heavy drinking. After the beating, she had amnesia for several days: she couldn't remember who she was or what had happened.

Amphetamine: ᐆᒪᔾᔭᖕᓇᖅᑐᖅ: uumajjangnaqtuq: amphétamine

A drug that speeds up your heartbeat and other things that go on in your body.

Analysis: ᖃᐅᔨᔾᔪᑎᒋᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ: qaujijjutigijaulilauqpuq: analyse

The process or results of analysing something (see Analyze). The analysis showed that he usually drank too much when he was under a lot of stress.

Analyze: ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ: qaujisarniq: analyser

To look at a situation very carefully, in order to figure out what's happening and what would be the best way to deal with it. The counsellor helped him analyse his drinking patterns so that they would be able to see what things he could change.

Annoy: ᐸᒡᕕᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: pagvitittiniq: ennuyer, agacer

To bother someone. To make someone a little bit angry. She annoyed her friends when she called them in the middle of the night.

Anonymous: ᐃᓕᓴᕐᓇᙱᑎᑦᑐᖅ: ilisarnanngitittuq: anonyme

When other people don't know what your name is. In Alcoholics Anonymous, you only use your first name; you don't tell people your real full name.

Antabuse: ᐄᔭᒐᖅ ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃᑯᓂ ᖃᓂᒻᒪᖕᓇᖅᑐᖅ: iijagaq imialukkuni qanimmangnaqtuq: antabuse md (disulfirame)

A kind of medication that makes you very sick to your stomach if you drink. It is used to treat some alcoholics.

Antecedent: ᓯᕗᕐᖓᓂ: sivurngani: antécédent

Something that happened before and led up to a certain event. The antecedents to the beating were that he had been drinking and she said she was leaving.

Anticipate: ᕿᓚᓈᕐᓂᖅ: qilanaarniq: prévoir

To expect or look forward to something, or to think about something before it happens. Let's try to anticipate what problems you might have when you go home.

Antidepressant: ᐃᓱᒪᔮᓗᐊᔾᔭᐃᒃᑯᑎ: isumajaaluajjaikkuti: antidépresseur

A medicine that makes you feel less hopeless and less sad.

Antidipsotropic Medication: ᐄᔭᒐᖅ ᐃᒥᐊᒃᑯᓂ ᖃᓂᒻᒪᖕᓇᖅᑐᖅ: iijagaq imialukuni qannimmangnaqtuq: médicament antidipsotropique

Medicines that cause bad physical reactions (for example, severe vomiting) if you drink alcohol while you're on the medicine. It is used in the treatment of some alcoholics. (Antabuse, see above, is one of these medicines.)

Antipsychotic Medication: ᐃᓱᒪᐃᕈᑎᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ ᐃᓅᓕᓴᐅᑎ (ᐄᔭᒐᖅ): isumairutisimajumut inuulisauti (iijagaq): médicament antipsychotique

Medicines that help people who have certain kinds of serious mental illnesses.

Antisocial: ᐃᓄᒻᒪᕐᓗᒃᑐᖅ: inummarluktuq: antisocial

When someone can't get along with other people, or often does things that other people in the community think are bad things. The boy seems very antisocial... he starts fights with other children and never wants to follow the rules.

Anxiety: ᓯᕘᕋᓂᖅ: sivuuraniq: anxiété

A feeling of being very worried and tense.

Anxious: ᓯᕘᕋᔪᖅ: sivuurajuq: anxieux

Feeling very tense and worried.

Apathetic: ᓱᖁᑕᐅᒃᓴᖅᑰᔨᙱᓐᓂᖅ: suqutauksaqquujinnginniq: apathique

Acting like you don't care, don't want to be involved. She seemed very apathetic when she was told of her father's death.

Apathy: ᓱᖁᑕᐅᒃᓴᔮᙱᓐᓂᖅ: suqutauksajaannginniq: apathie

The feeling of not caring what happens.

Apprehend: ᐊᖅᓵᖅ(ᓯ/ᑕᐅ)ᔪᖅ: aqsaaq(si/tau)juq: amener

To take away. The children were apprehended when Social Services found out they were being beaten.

Apprehension¹: ᐊᖅᓵᖅ(ᓯ/ᑕᐅ)ᓂᖅ: aqsaaq(si/tau)niq: prise en charge

Taking away. (See Apprehend.) The apprehension of the children was done while the father was away from home.

Apprehension²: ᖁᒃᓴᓱᖕᓂᖅ: quksasungniq: inquiétude

A feeling of nervousness and tension. She felt a lot of apprehension as she waited to go into court.

Appropriate: ᓈᒻᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ: naammattiaqtuq: convenable

Right, or proper, or suitable. The appropriate way to express your anger is to talk about it, not to hit the other person.

Arrest: ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: nuqqaqtitiniq: cesser

To stop something from continuing. With the help of the counsellor, he was able to arrest his heavy drinking.

Assault: ᐱᒋᐊᖅᓯᓂᖅ (ᐋᓐᓂᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᒃᑯᑦ): pigiaqsiniq (aanniqtittinikkut): agression

A forced or violent physical, verbal, or sexual attack.

Assertive: ᒪᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ: manituinnaunngittuq: s'affirmer

Being able to stand up for yourself, saying or doing what you need without getting angry or attacking. If you don't want him to keep bothering you, you may have to be more assertive and tell him clearly what you feel.

Assess: ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓱᖕᓂᖅ: qaujinasungniq: évaluer

Figure out what's happening, or what needs to be done. If you tell me what happened, I'll be able to assess what we need to do next.

Assimilate: ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑕᖅ: atuliqtaq: assimiler

To "absorb" into yourself, to completely accept and use attitudes or feelings or behaviours so that they become a part of you. In order to stay sober, you must assimilate all the things you learned while you were in treatment.

Attachment: ᐅᖓᓂᖅ: unganiq: affection/attachement

Being or feeling that you're a part of something else; joined to something else; feeling close to another person. The child showed no attachment to her mother. . . she didn't like to be hugged and paid no attention when the mother left the room.

Attention Deficit Disorder: ᐅᐃᒪᔮᕐᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᑎᓕᒃ: uimajaarnirminut ajurutilik: trouble déficitaire de l'attention

A problem that usually affects children: they have serious problems in concentrating, don't think ahead about what they're doing, and often are abnormally active.

Attitude: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᕐᕕᒋᔭᖃᕐᓂᖅ: iliqqusiqarvigijaqarniq: attitude

The way you think or feel about or react to things. He had a very bad attitude. . . whatever anyone tried to do, he found something to complain about.

Attribute¹: ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓂᕋᖅᑕᖅ: pijjutiginiraqtaq: attribuer

To say that something is caused by a certain thing. She attributed her problems to the fact that she never learned to trust others.

Attribute²: ᐃᓕᓴᕐᓇᐅᑎ/ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓇᐅᑎ: ilisarnauti/ujjirnauti: attribut

A quality or characteristic of someone or something. Her strongest positive attribute is her desire to change.

Authoritarian: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑲᐅᓯᒃᑲᖅ: angajuqqausikkaq: autoritaire

Using power to make others obey you, without allowing them to express opinions, make decisions, etc. She was a very authoritarian supervisor, expecting the employees to obey her orders without question.

Authority: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᓕᒃ: pijunnarnilik: pouvoir

The power or right to make decisions or do something. Also, a person who has power in a situation. The social worker had the authority to take the children from the home because they were being sexually abused. The father is the authority in that family.

Authority Figure: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᕆᔭᖅ, ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ/ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ, ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᓕᒃ: Pijunnarniqarijaq, pijunnaqtuq/pijunnarniaqarijaujuq, pijunnarnilik: symbole d'autorité

A person who is seen as having power or leadership (even if they actually don't have much power.) In many cultures, elders are respected as authority figures.

Autism: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᓱᙱᑦᑐᖅ (ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᓪᓚᑦᑖᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᑎᓕᒃ): iliqqusiqsunngittuq (inuuqatigiillattaarnirmut ajurutilik): autisme

A specific type of physical-mental disorder in which a child is unable to form emotional closeness to other people, doesn't communicate well, and seems not to be aware of what is going on around him. It usually shows up at a very young age.

Aversion Therapy (Aversive Therapy): ᐊᓄᓪᓚᒃᑎᑦᑎᓇᓲᑎ ᐃᑲᔪᕋᓱᒃᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ: anullaktittinasuuti ikajurasuktiullunilu: psychothérapie par aversion

A treatment technique that involves getting a person to stop doing a certain behaviour (like drinking) by creating really unpleasant consequences.

Avoidance: ᐊᓚᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ: alannguarniq: évitement

Staying away from someone or something, not acknowledging them. This can refer to staying away from people, situations or feelings. Her constant excuses are avoidance: she doesn't want to face you.

Awareness: ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓂᖅ: ujjirniq: connaissance

Noticing or understanding something. She seemed to have no awareness that what she had done was wrong.

• Self-awareness: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᒃᑐᖅ: ingminik ujjirusuktuq: connaissance de soi: Understanding yourself... what you are like and why you do the things you do.

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B

Barbituate: ᐃᓅᓕᓴᐅᑎᑦ ᑎᒥᒧᑦ ᖃᓱᖓᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ: inuulisautit timimut qasungannaqtut: barbituriques

A drug that slows down your heartbeat and other things that go on in your body.

Barrier: ᐊᒡᕕᐊᕈᑦ, ᐊᔪᕈᑎ: agviarut, ajuruti: obstacle, blocage

Something that gets in your way and prevents you from doing something. The biggest barrier he has is his own lack of confidence.

Baseline: ᐱᒋᐊᙵᕐᕕᒃ: pigianngarvik: seuil de référence

A basic or normal level of behaviour. A starting point for measuring something. We'll figure out how much you now drink in an average week, and set that as our baseline. Then we'll be able to see how much change you make.

Batter: ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓯᕆᓂᖅ, ᓂᖓᕐᓂᖅ: aanniqsiriniq, ningarniq: battre

To beat someone hard. He batters his wife.

Behaviour Modification: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: iliqqusirmik asijjiqtittiniq: modification du comportement

Changing your own or someone else's behaviour by giving rewards (like praise or special treats) when they (or you yourself) are doing the right thing. They set up a behaviour modification plan for him... whenever he went a day without smoking, his wife would cook him his favourite meal.

Beneficial: ᐊᑐᕐᓂᓕᒃ (ᐊᑲᐅᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ): aturnilik (akauniaqpuq ikajuutiuniaqpuq): bénéfique

Good. Having positive consequences. It would be beneficial for you to see a counsellor.

Benefit: ᐃᑲᔫᑎᑦ: ikajuutit: avantage

Something that is good for you. One benefit of quitting smoking is that you can breathe better.

Best Interest: ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖅᐹᖅ: akauniqpaaq: intérêt

Something that will do the most good. It was in the child's best interest that she should live with her aunt.

Binge Drinking: ᐃᒦᓐᓇᓕᑲᐃᓐᓇᓲᖅ, ᐃᒥᓕᑕᐃᓐᓇᕋᒥ ᑲᔪᑦᑎᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᒥᖅᑐᖅ: imiinnalikainnasuuq, imilitainnarami kajuttirmik imiqtuq: consommation irrationnelle d'alcool

A pattern of drinking where the person doesn't drink at all for a period of time, but then goes out and drinks really heavily for a while, then stops again for a while.

Biological: ᑎᒥᓕᕆᓂᖅ: timiliriniq: biologique

Having to do with the physical body. Doctors now know that many mental illnesses have some biological causes. I am just as close to my biological parents as I am to my adoptive parents.

Bipolar Disorder: ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖅᓱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔪᕈᑎᓕᒃ: akunniqsuttiarnirmik ajurutilik: trouble bipolaire

A certain type of mental illness where the person's moods and behaviour swing strongly from being abnormally active and emotional to being depressed. It is also sometimes called "manic-depression."

Bonding: ᐅᖓᒋᓕᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᖅ: ungagiliqattautiniq: attachement

Developing a very close and loving feeling with someone else. The mother showed no bonding with her baby... she never hugged it or talked to it lovingly.

Borderline: ᑭᒡᓚᐅᑦᑎᓯᒪᓂᖅ: kiglauttisimaniq: cas limite

Just on the edge; not one way or another. The boy's intelligence was borderline. . . he was not quite retarded, but he had a lot of trouble learning new things.

Boundaries: ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓲᑕᐅᓗᐊᔾᔭᐃᒃᑯᑎᕗᑦ: isumaqsuutauluajjaikkutivut: espace vital

The psychological limits that people put around themselves in order to keep a sense of themselves as a separate person who has his/her own role and needs. A kind of psychological "line" to say "Don't cross into my space." It was an unhealthy family where the boundaries between the mother and the kids were unclear: sometimes the kids seemed to be like parents to the mother.

Brainstorm: ᐃᓱᒪᒃᓴᖅᓯᐅᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ: isumaksaqsiuruluujarniq: remue-méninges

To come up with a whole variety of ideas for doing something. Let's brainstorm some ways you might be able to solve this problem.

Breakdown: ᐊᔪᓕᕈᑕᖅ (ᓄᖅᑲᕈᑎ/ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐃᓪᓕᓂᖅ): ajulirutaq (nuqqaruti/pijunnailliniq): bris, rupture

When something stops working. We've had a breakdown in communication: we don't seem to be able to talk to or understand each other at all.

• Nervous breakdown: ᐳᓚᒃᑲᖅᑐᖅ: pulakkaqtuq: dépression nerveuse: Becoming temporarily mentally ill. After the divorce, he had a nervous breakdown: he didn't wash or go to work or talk to anybody.

Brief Intervention: ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᑲᖕᓂᖅ, ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᔭᐅᓚᐅᑲᖖᓂᖅ: ikajuqtaulaukangniq, inuusilirijaulaukangniq: intervention de courte durée

A kind of counselling that involves seeing the client for a fairly short time (usually no more than 6 weeks or so.) In this kind of counselling, the counsellor doesn't spend too much time finding out a lot about the past; he quickly starts giving the client very clear and specific things to do which will lead to new behaviour.

Burn-Out: ᑕᖃᔪᖅ: taqajuq: épuisement professionnel

When you're so stressed that you really can't do your work properly anymore.

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C

Case Management: ᐃᑲᔪᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ: ikajuqatigiiktut: gestion de cas

Several agencies or helpers working together on one client's situation.

Caseworker: ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨ: inuliriji: gestionnaire de cas

A social worker who works directly with people who need help.

Catalyst: ᐱᑎᑦᑎᔨ, ᐱᔾᔪᑎ, ᐱᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓲᕐᓗ/ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃ ᓲᖑᓐᓇᕆᖅᖂᔨᕙᒃᑖ: pitittiji, pijjuti, pinnaqtuq suurlu/imialuk suungunnariqquujivaktaa: catalyseur

Something that makes something else happen. The catalyst for his violence seems to be alcohol.

Catharsis: ᐊᓂᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: aniatittiniq: catharsis

A release of strong emotion; letting go of some strong emotion that you've been holding in. Talking about the sexual abuse was a catharsis, and she was finally able to have a happier life.

Cease: ᓄᖅᑲᕐᓂᖅ: nuqqarniq: cesser

To stop. To come to an end. This behaviour must cease right away. She decided to cease smoking.

Chemical Dependence: ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓇᖅᑐᓄᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᒥᐊᓗᖕᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐅᐃᕆᓯᒪᓂᖅ: aangajaarnaqtunulluunniit imialungmulluunniit uirisimaniq: dépendance chimique

Needing alcohol or drugs in order to get through your day. Being addicted to alcohol or a drug.

Chronic: ᐲᓐᓇᐅᔭᕐᓂᖅ ᓲᕐᓗ ᐅᖃᐱᓗᐃᓐᓇᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ/ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓴᖖᒌᓐᓇᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ: piinnaujarniq suurlu uqapiluinnaujaqtuq naammaksanngiinnaujaqtuq: chronique

When something goes on for a long time or happens over and over. He is a chronic liar: he doesn't tell the truth about anything. It's a chronic illness for which you'll have to take medicine for the rest of your life.

Chronological: ᑭᖑᓕᕇᒃᑕᖅᑐᑦ: kinguliriiktaqtut: chronologique

When things that have happened are arranged in order according to the time or dates that they happened. The report listed his crimes in chronological order, starting with the first theft when he was 12 years old.

Cirrhosis: ᑎᖑᕐᓗᖕᓂᖅ: tingurlungniq: cirrhose

A serious disease of the liver, often caused by frequent or heavy drinking of alcohol.

Clarify: ᑐᑭᓯᓇᖅᓯᑎᑦᑎᑲᓐᓂᕆᐊᕐᓂᖅ: tukisinaqsitittikanniriarniq: préciser

To make things clear and more understandable. The counsellor asked her for clarification about what had happened between her and her husband.

Closed Question: ᐋᒃᑳᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓕᖕᒥᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᖏᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓕᖕᒥᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑎ: aakkaatuinnarialingmilluunniit angituinnarialingmilluuniit apiqquti: question fermée

In counselling, a question that can be answered with a very short answer. When the helper asked a closed question like, "Are you angry?" the woman just said, "Yes."

Closure: ᐃᓱᓕᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: isulitittiniq: mettre fin

Finishing something; bringing it to an end. After she finally talked about the abuse, she was able to give it closure.

Coach: ᐃᓕᓴᐃᓂᖅ/ᐊᔪᕆᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ: ilisainiq/ajuriqsuiniq: guider

To show and guide someone through the steps of an activity. I'll coach you on how you can use these stress management activities. Also, the person who does the guiding. The life-skills coach helped them practice how to deal with their anger.

Cocaine: ᐊᐳᑎ (ᓇᕆᐅᖅᓴᖅᑕᐅᓲᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᓪᓗᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ): aputi (nariuqsaqtausuuq taimanna taijauvaktuq qaullurninganut): cocaïne

A kind of addictive drug that speeds up things in your body and makes you feel more alert and active. It is usually in the form of a white powder that you sniff.

Codependent: ᓈᒻᒪᒋᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᕐᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᒪᓂᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: nammaginngikkaluarluniuk manimatuinnaqtuq: codépendant

A person who is very involved, in a very unhealthy way, with a person who is an addicted to some substance or activity, and in some way needs him to stay addicted. A person who is kind of "addicted" to an addict. She said she hated his drinking, but she showed co-dependent behaviour by always covering up and taking care of him, because that made her feel like a good wife.

Coerce: ᓯᕘᕋᓵᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᒪᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: sivuurasaarinikkut pijaujumanngikkaluaqtumik qanuiliuqtittiniq: forcer

To force someone to do something. He tried to coerce her into going with him.

Cognitive: ᐃᓱᒪᓂᖅ: isumaniq: cognitif

Having to do with thinking. She had good cognitive skills and was able to learn new ideas very quickly.

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: ᓄᑖᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᑖᕋᓱᖕᓂᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕆᓂᕐᒥ: nutaarmik iliqqusiqtaarasungniq isumaliurinirmi: thérapie cognitive et comportementale

A kind of counselling that helps people by having them think in new ways and practice new behaviours. A cognitive-behavioural method that was very helpful to him in dealing with anger was to tell himself, "I do not want to get into a fight," while at the same time doing some quick muscle-relaxing exercises.

Cognitive Therapy: ᓄᑖᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ: nutaanik isumaliurniq: thérapie cognitive

A kind of counselling that helps people develop new ways of thinking and change the things they tell themselves. As a result of cognitive therapy, he started telling himself, "If I take a drink, it'll just make me feel worse," rather than his old thoughts like, "I really need a drink."

Cohesive: ᑲᑎᙵᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: katinngattiarniq: qui se tient

Sticking together. It was a cohesive family... everybody worked together to do what was needed.

Cold Turkey: ᓄᖅᑲᑳᓪᓚᒃᑐᖅ: nuqqakaallaktuq: à froid

Quitting doing something all of a sudden, not a little at a time. He quit drinking cold turkey: he just decided one day that he'd never drink again, and he never has. He'd tried quitting smoking cold turkey, but couldn't do it: he had to get the patch and quit gradually.

Commitment: ᐊᑐᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ: aturniarniq: engagement

A strong agreement to do something, like a promise. She made a commitment to attend meetings every week.

Communication Skills: ᐅᖃᖃᑎᒌᒍᓐᓇᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: uqaqatigiigunnattiarniq: aptitudes pour la communication

The ways we exchange thoughts, ideas, feelings, etc. with other people. This can include things like body language, the words we use, how we say things, listening, and so on. They wanted to learn better communications skills so that they wouldn't always get into arguments.

Compensate: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᓪᓗᐊᓚᐅᖅᑕᕋᓗᐊᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᑭᖑᕝᕕᐅᔾᔭᐅᑎᑦᑎᓇᓱᖕᓂᖅ: qanuiliullualauqtaraluarminik kinguvviujjautittinasungniq: compenser

To make up for something bad by doing something else that's better. He tried to compensate for his violence by buying her a new parka.

Complex: ᓇᓗᓇᖅᑐᖅ: nalunaqtuq: complexe

Complicated, not easy to figure out, made up of many parts. It's a complex problem that doesn't have an easy solution.

Compromise: ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: angiqatigiingniq: compromis; faire un compromis

To make an agreement that both people can accept. Neither person gets everything s/he wants, but enough. He wanted to go hunting and she wanted to visit her family, so they compromised by doing a week of both.

Compulsive: ᐱᙱᑦᑐᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓲᕐᓗ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᐃᕈᑎᙱᓐᓂᓕᒫᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐸᑎᖃᑕᙱᑦᑑᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ: pinngittunnanngittuq suurlu, kiinaujairutinnginnilimaarminik patiqataunngittuujunnanngittuq: de manière compulsive

Can't be controlled or resisted. He was a compulsive drinker, for once he started, he couldn't stop.

Compulsory: ᐱᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ: pijaujarialik: obligatoire

"It must be done." Education is compulsory for everyone under the age of 16.

Concept: ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᖅ: isumagijaq: concept

An idea. Children are able to learn the concepts of "right" and "wrong" at an early age.

Conceptualize: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ: aaqqiksuijunnarniq: conceptualiser

To think, to form ideas. Very young children cannot conceptualize the meaning of death.

Concrete: ᑕᕝᕙᓪᓚᕆᒃ: tavvallarik: concret

Specific, definite, real. We saw a concrete example of what caring really means when Leetia took the whole family into her home after the fire.

Conditioned: ᓱᖏᐅᓴᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: sungiusaksimajuq: conditionné

Used to something; having learned to act in a certain way, or to accept something as normal. The children were so conditioned to being hit that they didn't even cry.

Conditioning: ᓱᖏᐅᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ: sungiusuqtaujuq aaqqiksuqtaujuq: conditionnement

A way of learning, in which people learn to behave in a certain way because they are rewarded or punished for doing that behaviour. The reward or punishment can be physical or psychological, and they may not even realize it's happening.

Conduct¹: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᐊᑕ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᖓ: iliqqusiata qanuinninga: conduite

Behaviour. His conduct during the visit was perfect.

Conduct²: ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᖅ: aulattiniq: conduire

To lead or guide something. She will conduct group meetings once a week.

Conduct Disorder: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᑎᓕᒃ: iliqqusiqattiarnirmut ajurutilik: trouble de comportement

A psychological problem in children that involves serious behaviour problems. It is usually a sign that the person will have serious problems getting along in society when s/he is an adult.

Confidence: ᖁᓱᙱᓐᓂᖅ: qusunnginniq: assurance

A strong, sure feeling about something. I have confidence that she will take good care of the children.

Confident: ᖁᓱᙱᑦᑐᖅ: qusunngittuq: assuré

Feeling strong and sure about something. I was confident that things would get better.

Confidential: ᑲᙳᓇᖅᑐᖅ: kanngunaqtuq: confidentiel

Private; not supposed to be told to other people.

Conflict: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᓂᖅ: akaunngiliurutiniq: conflit

Disagreement or fighting or argument.

Conflict Resolution: ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᙱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓂᖅ: angiqatigiinngijjutaujunik aaqiksiniq: résolution des conflits

Settling arguments and disagreements. He used to threaten people who disagreed with him, but he has learned better conflict resolution skills: now he's willing to at least listen to their opinions.

Conform: ᒪᓕᑲᑖᖅ: malikataaq: se conformer

To do things the way everybody else does them. She didn't really want to do that, but she decided to conform so the others wouldn't make fun of her.

Confront: ᓵᑦᑎᓂᖅ: saattiniq: confronter

To face up to a person or problem and deal with it. I decided to confront my problem and get some help. He finally decided to confront her about her lies.

Congenital: ᐃᓗᓯᖅ: ilusiq: congénital

Something that you're born with. It can be inherited or it can be caused by something that happens while you are developing in the womb. Women who use drugs or alcohol while they're pregnant can have babies with congenital abnormalities.

Conscience: ᐃᓅᑦᑎᐊᕈᑎᒋᔭᖅ: inuuttiarutigijaq: conscience

The little voice inside you that tells you what's good or bad, right or wrong. After he stole the money, his conscience bothered him so much that he had to admit what he did.

Conscious: ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᖕᓂᖅ: ujjirusungniq: conscient

Aware of what is going on. He was conscious of her interest in him.

• Self-conscious: ᑲᙳᒋᔪᖅ: kanngugijuq: hypersensibilité: Shy and nervous about yourself.

Consensus: ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: angiqatigiingniq: consensus

General agreement, when all the people in a group have agreed with a certain decision. The consensus was that he should leave the program.

Consent: ᐊᖏᕐᓂᖅ: angirniq: consentement

Permission or agreement. She gave consent for the children to visit their father.

Consequence: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᑯᒋᔭᒧᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᖅ ᓲᕐᓗ ᑎᒡᓕᒃᐸᒃᑲᒥ ᑎᒍᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓂᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ: qanuiliurnikugijamut qanuinniq suurlu, tiglikpakkami tigujauvuq, taimainniqalilaurpuq: conséquence

The result of something that has happened. As a consequence of his smoking, he developed lung cancer.

• Logical consequence: ᐊᑲᐅᔪᒧᑦᑐᕌᖓᔪᖅ: akaujumut turaangajuq: conséquence logique: A reasonable or understandable result of some behaviour. The parents were taught to use logical consequences when disciplining their children: for example, if the child starts yelling and misbehaving in the store, they should take him home.

Consistent: ᐲᓐᓇᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ (ᓱᕐᕌᙱᑦᑐᖅ): piinnaujaqtuq (surraanngittuq): cohérent

On-going and regular: doing things the same way every time. Fitting together. Parents should be consistent in disciplining their children; they shouldn't say they want a child to do something and then allow the child to get away with not doing it. His actions were not consistent with his words: he said he wanted help, but he never came to appointments.

Console: ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓂᖅ, ᓴᐃᒻᒪᖅᓴᐃᓂᖅ: ikajuqtuiniq, saimmaqsainiq: consoler

To give comfort; to try to ease someone's grief or suffering. She tried to console him after his father's death.

Consume: ᐊᑐᖅᓯᓂᖅ: atuqsiniq: consommer

To use up; to eat or drink. The first thing we should look at is how much alcohol you consume in an average week.

Consumption: ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᐊᑐᖅᓯᕙᖕᓂᖅ: qanutigi atuqsivangniq: consommation

The use of some substance. The amount of something that is consumed. Soon after he left the treatment program, his alcohol consumption was very high again.

Contemplation Stage: ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᓕᖅᑐᖅ (ᓲᕐᓗ ᐊᖃᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᓂᒃ): ujjirusuliqtuq (suurlu akaunngiliurutinik): prise de conscience

In addictions treatment, the point where the client is admitting that s/he has a problem and should start to make some changes.

Context: ᐃᓘᓐᓈᓂ, ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂ: iluunnaani, tamainni: contexte

The "big picture:" the whole set of circumstances and events that affect a situation. We need to look at your drinking problem in the context of your life.

Contingency Plan: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᑳᓪᓚᒃᐸᑦ ᓇᐅᑦᑎᐅᒪᔭᖅ, ᓴᓂᕐᕙᐃᓯᒪᔭᖅ: akaunngiliurutiqakaallakpat nauttiumajaq, sanirvaisimajaq: plan alternatif

A back-up plan. Let's set up a contingency plan in case this doesn't work.

Contract: ᐊᖏᕈᑎ: angiruti: contrat

A specific agreement between two or more people that something will be done.

Controlled Drinking: ᐃᒥᓗᐊᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᔪᖅ: imiluaqtailimajuq: consommation raisonnée d'alcool

Drinking a little bit, but without getting drunk or drinking to the point that it causes problems.

Cope: ᐊᔪᙱᑕᖅ: ajunngitaq: surmonter

To handle problems and difficulties.

Coping Mechanism: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᙱᔾᔪᑎᑦ: akaunngiliurutinut ajunngijjutit: mécanisme d'adaptation

Any method that is used for dealing with a problem situation. It can be a "good" way or a "bad" way. The only coping mechanism he used for dealing with stress was to drink.

Coping Skills: ᐊᔪᙱᔾᔪᑎᑦ: ajunngijjutit: aptitude à surmonter les difficultés

The ability to deal well with problems and difficult situations.

Counsel: ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖅ: ikajurniq: guider

To help someone figure out what to do about a personal problem.

Counsellor: ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎ: inuusilirinirmut ikajuqti: conseiller, conseillère

A person who has been trained to help people with their personal problems.

Covert: ᓴᖅᑭᔮᙱᑦᑐᖅ: saqqijaanngittuq: caché

Hidden, or not obvious. The family had some covert reasons for not wanting their son to get married.

Covert Sensitization: ᓱᖏᐅᑎᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓕᕋᓱᖕᓂᖅ, ᐊᓕᖏᓴᐃᓂᖅ: sungiutiliqtittilirasungniq, alingisainiq: sensibilisation cachée

A way of treating alcohol problems by having the person imagine a really unpleasant, sickening scene at the same time that they are imagining they're drinking. The image should be strong enough to make the person feel sick to his stomach. Eventually, the person learns to connect the idea of drinking with feeling sick.

Crack: ᐆᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᐳᑎ: uusimajuq aputi: crack

A form of cocaine, after it has been heated.

Craving: ᖀᓕᕐᓂᖅ: qiilirniq: état de besoin, désir ardent

A really strong feeling that you need or want something. Even though he gave up smoking two years ago, he still gets a craving for a cigarette whenever he's stressed.

Crisis: ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓈᕿᓂᖅ: attarnaaqiniq: crise

A serious situation that leads to something new happening. Note: The plural is "crises."

Crisis Intervention: ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓂᖅ: attarnaqtuqaqtillugu ikajuqtuiniq: intervention en cas de crise

The specific methods that a helping professional uses when someone is in a sudden serious or emergency situation.

Crisis Shelter: ᕿᒫᕝᕕᒃ: qimaavvik: refuge en cas de crise/centre d'aide

A safe place where you can go when there is danger or a serious problem.

Critical¹: ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: attarnaqtuq: critique

Very, very serious or important. The children were in critical danger, so it was critical that we remove them from the home right away.

Critical²: ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓴᕈᓐᓇᙱᓐᓂᖅ: naammaksarunnannginniq: critique

Pointing out things that are wrong. If you are too critical of your children, they may become scared to try new things.

Cue: ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕈᑎ: nalunairuti: signal

A signal or hint that something should happen next. Being with certain friends or walking past the Legion were unconscious cues to her that she should drink.

Cue Exposure: ᐱᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕐᓂᖅ: pittailimanirmut ilisarniq: exposition aux signaux

A way of treating alcohol problems that involves deliberately putting the person in situations that would normally "signal" him to drink, and then teaching him ways to ignore and not respond to those signals.

Current: ᒫᓐᓇ: maanna: actuel

Happening right now. At the present time. Her current problem is that she doesn't have a place to live.

Custody¹: ᐸᖅᑭᔭᐅᓂᖅ: paqqijauniq: garde

To have someone or something in your care, under your protection. After the parents separated, the mother had custody of the children.

Custody²: ᑎᒍᔭᐅᒪᓂᖅ: tigujaumaniq: détention

Being in prison. The man was sentenced to one year in custody.

Cycle Of Violence: ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓯᕆᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᐅᔪᖅ: aanniqsiriqattarnirmut iliqqusiujuq: cycle de violence

The way violence in the home often happens: anger builds up, and the person gets violent. Then there's a calm period of time until anger starts to build up again.

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D

Defense Mechanisms: ᐃᓅᑉ ᓴᐳᑎᔾᔪᓯᖏᑦ: inuup saputijjusingit: mécanisme de défense

The kinds of things people do when they feel their personality is being attacked, or when they're being blamed for something. Examples of defense mechanisms are things like trying to make excuses for what you did, or pretending you really don't care what someone says about you.

Defensive: ᓇᑉᐸᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ/ᓯᕐᓂᒋᔪᖅ: napparnaqtuq, sirnigijuq: sur la défense

When a person feels like they have to make excuses for themselves, or protect their self-esteem because they feel threatend or bad about something. She felt very defensive when Jimmy told her she was selfish.

Deficient: ᓈᒻᒪᙱᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ: naammanngiluaqtuq: manquer de

Not having enough of something. She had deficient anger management skills: she just got violent every time she got mad.

Delirium Tremens: ᐅᐃᕆᓯᒪᒧᑦ ᐃᒥᐊᓗᖕᒥᒃ ᓄᖅᑲᕋᒥ ᓴᔪᒃᓱᒃᑐᖅ (ᓴᔪᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᑯᕐᓗᒃᖢᓂ): uirisimamut imialungmik nuqqarami sajuksuktuq (sajuliqtuq takurlukłuni): delirium tremens

A withdrawal symptom when a person who is addicted to alcohol stops drinking: he shakes and has hallucinations and his nervous system doesn't work properly.

Delivery: ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᑦ: ikajurutit: prestation

Giving or providing. Example: Cutbacks in the budget will affect the delivery of social services.

Delusion: ᑐᑭᖃᙱᓴᒃᑐᖅ: tukiqanngisaktuq: délire

An untrue or unreal belief or opinion. A "crazy" belief. When he was high, he had delusions that people were trying to kill him.

Dementia: ᐃᓱᒪᐃᕈᑎᔪᖅ: isumairutijuq: démence

A kind of mental illness in which the person loses the ability to think, remember, communicate, know who he is, etc. It is due to brain damage of some kind.

Denial: ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᒍᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ukpirusugumanngittuq: déni

When a person doesn't want to admit something. When his father died, he went into denial; he couldn't believe it was true.

Dependant¹: ᐸᖅᑭᔭᒃᑕᖅ: paqqijaktaq: à charge

A person who depends on you to support them. He had three dependants... his wife and two young sons.

Dependant²: ᐊᓯᒥᓄᑦ ᑭᓱᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑐᙵᔭᖃᓗᐊᓕᖅᑐᖅ: asiminut kisumulluunniit tunngajaqalualiqtuq: dépendant

Needing something or someone to get you through the days; unable to function on your own without this. He was dependent on alcohol.

Dependency: ᑐᙵᕕᖃᓗᐊᓕᕐᓂᖅ ᑭᓱᒥᒃ/ᐊᓯᒥᒃ: tunngaviqalualirniq kisumik/asimik: dépendance

The need for something or someone in order to get through your life. This need can be physical (your body needs the substance) or psychological (affecting your thoughts and emotions.) He had a dependency on alcohol... he got the shakes and couldn't concentrate when he didn't have alcohol. Her dependancy on her husband was so strong that she couldn't make the smallest decision without asking him first.

Depressant: ᐸᓚᖅᓯᔾᔪᑎ ᐃᓂᓪᓚᐅᒪᔾᔪᑎ: palaqsijjuti, inillaumajjuti: dépresseur

A drug or medicine that slows down your body and mind. These drugs slowly put the brain to sleep. Alcohol is an example of a depressant.

Depression: ᓂᑲᓪᓗᖓᓂᖅ: nikallunganiq: dépression

A feeling of great sadness that makes it hard for you to face life.

Deprivation: ᐊᔪᖅᓴᕐᓂᖅ: ajuqsarniq: carence

Not having what you need. The family were living in deprivation: there was no heat, and they had no warm clothes. The children were suffering emotional deprivation: they were unloved and unwanted.

Deprive: ᐊᔪᖅᓴᖅ(ᑎᑦᑎ/ᑎᑕᐅ)ᓂᖅ: ajuqsaq(titti/titau)niq: priver de

To keep something that's really needed away from the person who needs it. Not giving something that is really needed The children had been deprived of love.

Desensitize: ᓱᖏᐅᓯᓴᐃᓂᖅ: sungiusisainiq: désensibiliser

To make someone feel less of a certain feeling. To become able to ignore something or not react to something that caused a certain feeling in you before. The counsellor helped to desensitize him to the smell of cigarettes; soon he was able to be around smokers without having the urge to smoke. She'd been hit so often that she was desensitized to the violence.

Desperate: ᐊᑭᓱᕉᓴᖕᓂᖅ: akisuruusangniq: désespéré

Very bad, serious, tension-producing. It was a desperate situation ... something had to be done right away. She felt desperate, like she had nowhere to turn to for help.

Destructive: ᓱᕋᒃᓴᕈᑎ: suraksaruti: destructeur

Causing things to break apart, or creating very bad damage. It was a destructive relationship: all they did was criticize each other.

Deteriorate: ᓱᕈᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᖅ, ᓱᕋᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᖅ: suruqpalliajuq, surakpalliajuq: qui se détériore

To become worse or gradually break down. His health started to deteriorate because of his drinking.

Deterrent: ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: qanuittailimatittiniq: dissuasif

Something that prevents or discourages or stops something from happening. A way of preventing something from happening. The Public Health department hoped that AIDS education would act as a deterrent to unprotected sex.

Detox (Detoxify): ᐸᓂᖅᓯᕐᓂᖅ (ᑎᒥ ᓱᕈᐃᔭᖅᑐᖅ): paniqsirniq (timi suruijaqtuq): désintoxication

To get rid of poisons. The first step in addictions treatment may be to detox, giving time for the person to get rid of the alcohol or drugs in his body.

Developmental Disability: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᓱᙱᑦᑐᖅ: iliqqusiqsunngittuq: déficience développementale

Being retarded. The child had a developmental disability: he would never be able to take care of himself.

Deviance: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕐᓘᑎ: iliqqusirluuti: déviance

Behaviour that is not considered normal and acceptable. Incest is considered deviance in all societies.

Deviant: ᐊᕿᑦᑐᖓᓴᒃᑐᖅ, ᑐᑭᖃᙱᓴᒃᑐᖅ: aqittungasaktuq, tukiqanngisaktuq: déviant

Behaving in unacceptable ways. (See "Deviance.") The teenager did many deviant things: he stole and sniffed propane.

Diagnosis: ᓱᖅᑯᐃᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ, ᖃᐅᔨᔭᐅᓂᖅ: suqquiqtauniq, qaujijauniq: diagnostic

The process of figuring out what the problem is. The decision about what the problem is. The doctor's diagnosis was that she was suffering from severe depression.

Differentiate: ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ: qaijumajunnarniq ajjigiinngittunnik: faire la distinction

To see the difference between two or more things or people or events. Mentally ill people sometimes can't differentiate between what is right and what is wrong. He couldn't differentiate between his thoughts and his emotions, so he always acted emotionally, without being able to think things through. (In family counselling, this usually refers to the ability of family members to see themselves as separate people with their own personalities and feelings and opinions.)

Direct

Straight or exact or happening with nothing else in between. There is a direct connection between his drinking and his violence.

• Direct¹: ᐅᖃᖅᑕᐃᓕᙱᑦᑐᖅ: uqaqtailinngittuq: franc, direct: A person who speaks his mind or feelings. She is a very direct person who says exactly what she thinks.
• Direct²: ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑐᖅ: nalunaiqtuq: direct, immédiat: A straight consequence. His health problems were a direct result of his smoking.
• Direct³: ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ: akunniqanngittuq: direct: Nothing in between. I have a direct view of their house from my window.

Directive: ᑎᓕᐅᕆᔪᖅ: tiliurijuq: style directif

In counselling, to give suggestions and ideas about what the client can do. The counsellor was directive and gave him ideas about how he change his behaviour.

Disadvantage: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᑦ: akaunngiliurutit: inconvénient

Something that will not have a good result, or which makes it harder to do something. He was at a disadvantage when looking for work because he didn't speak Inuktitut. There are many disadvantages to this plan: for one thing, it will cost a lot of money.

Disciplinarian: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᔨ: aaqqiksiuji: responsable de la discipline

A person who makes the decisions and enforces the rules about how someone else should behave. In that family, the father was the disciplinarian with the children.

Discipline: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᓂᖅ: aaqqiksuiniq: discipliner

To correct or control someone's behaviour and train them to act another way. The only way she knew how to discipline her children was to yell and hit them.

• Self-discipline: ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖅ: nangminiq aaqqiksimaniq: discipline (personnelle): Being able to control your own behaviour. She had no self-discipline: she spent money whenever she felt like it, even though she was deeply in debt.

Disclose: ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆ/ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅ: uqausiri nalunaiq: divulguer

To make something known openly; to share some information of feeling or thought that you hadn't expressed before. As she was talking to the teacher, she disclosed that she was being sexually abused.

Disclosure: ᓴᖅᑭᓐᓂᖅ: saqqinniq: dévoiler

The information that you reveal. See "Disclose."

• Self-disclosure: ᐊᓂᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓂᖅ: aniattiniq, imminik saqqittiniq: divulgation: Telling someone something private about yourself. A counsellor can use self-disclosure if it will be helpful to the client to know that bit of private information.

Discrete: ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ajjiunngittuq: discret

Separate and specific, not like something else. Being able to communicate well involves several discrete behaviours: listening well; being non-judgmental; expressing your own feelings, and so on.

Discriminate¹: ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓂᖅ: qaujimajunnarniq ajjigiinngittunik: distinguer

To be able to tell the difference between one thing and another. Same as "differentiate." My son can't discriminate between people who are OK and people who are trouble.

Discriminate²: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑎᑦᑎᔪᖅ: ajjiginngitittijuq: discriminer

To judge someone unfairly because of their ethnic background or beliefs or sex, etc. Employers aren't allowed to discriminate aginst women when they're hiring.

Disease Model: ᐅᐃᕆᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᓕᕐᓂᖅ: uirisimanirmut ajulirniq: modèle pathologique

In the treatment of addiction problems, this is the theory that addiction is a physical disease which is not curable.

Disorder: ᐊᑲᐃᓪᓕᐅᕈᑎ: akailliuruti: trouble

When something is not the way it should be. The boy had a behaviour disorder: he got very angry and violent at even small things.

Disruptive: ᐅᓚᕕᓴᐃᔨ: ulavisaiji: perturbateur

Something that interrupts or disturbs or causes problems in whatever is going on. He was very disruptive in the meeting, always jumping up to disagree and insult people.

Distorted: ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇᐅᙱᑦᑑᒐᓗᐊᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓂᖅ: taimannaunngittuugaluamik aaqqiksiniq: déformé

Pulled out of shape, not the way it really should be. She distorted the story, not telling it the way it really happened.

Distress: ᓄᒫᓇᖅᑐᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᖅ: numaanaqtuqsiurniq: détresse

Very strong pain or sadness or anxiety. She was in great distress after her marriage broke up.

Diverse: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᕈᓘᔭᖅᑐᑦ: ajjigiinngiruluujaqtut: divers

Varied; many different kinds. There are diverse reasons why people develop alcohol problems.

Diversity: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᕈᓘᔭᕐᓃᑦ: ajjigiinngiruluujarniit: diversité

Differences or variations. The diversity of people's problems means that there's no one method that helps everybody.

Dominant: ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓇᕐᓂᖅᐹᖅ: ujjirnarniqpaaq: dominateur

Important or powerful or influential. The dominant person in their marriage is the wife.

Doubt: ᓇᓗᓈ: nalunaa: doute

A feeling of unsureness, not knowing exactly what's happening. She was in doubt about whether she should marry him.

Doubtful: ᓇᓗᓈᕿ: nalunaaqi: incertain

Having a feeling of unsureness. See "Doubt."

Dual Diagnosis: ᒪᕐᕈᐃᖓᔪᖖᒥᒃ ᓱᖅᑯᐃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: marruingajungmik suqquitausimajuq: double diagnostic

When a person is suffering from two different illnesses, like alcoholism and depression, at the same time.

Duration: ᖃᖓᓕᒫᖅ (ᓱᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖓ): qangaimaaq (sunaatuinnaup akuniuninga): durée

How long something goes on. The duration of his jail sentence is one year. She said nothing for the duration of the meeting.

Dynamics: ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖓ: inuuqatigiingniup aulaninga: dynamique

The energizing things that happen in a situation between people, the things that cause other things to happen. It was hard to understand the dynamics in their relationship: I couldn't understand what pushed them to behave the way they did.

• Family dynamics: ᐃᓚᒌᖕᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖓ: ilagiingniup aulaninga: dynamique familiale: The things that cause family members to act a certain way with each other.

Dysfunctional: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓪᓗᐊᕆᙱᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᖅ: iliqqusilluarinngitaminik atuqtuq: dysfonctionnel

Not working the way it should. It was a very dysfunctional family: there was a lot of drinking and violence.

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E

Eclectic: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᕈᓘᔭᕐᓂᖅ: ajjigiinngiqattautiruluujarniq: éclectique

Varied; many different kinds. Because every person is different, counselling and treatment strategies should be eclectic, so that a client can find ways that work best for her.

Efficacy: ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ: akauniqarniq: efficacité

Effectiveness; able to produce a good result. The efficacy of his diet was obvious: he was 20 kilograms lighter.

• Self-efficacy: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᖁᓱᒋᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ingminik qusuginngittuq: efficacité de soi: Confidence in yourself; believing that you are capable of making changes and controlling your life. As she coped better with her kids, there was an increase in her self-efficacy.

Ego: ᐅᕙᖓᐅᓂᕋ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓂᕋ: uvangaunira, ingminik isumaginira: égo

The sense of self, the sense of being an individual that is different from anyone else. He had a big ego, thinking he was smarter than everybody else. She had a healthy ego: she felt good about herself without having to put anyone else down.

Egocentric: ᐱᒃᑲᐅᓱᕆᔪᖅ, ᐱᐅᓱᒋᔪᖅ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᑐᐊᖅ, ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔪᖅ, ᑭᓯᕐᖔᖅᑐᖅ: pikkausurijuq, piusugijuq, ingminituaq isumagijuq, kisirngaaqtuq: égocentrique

Self-centered, just concerned about yourself. He was very egocentric; no matter what was being talked about, he always started talking about himself and his life.

Emotional Neglect: ᓇᒡᓕᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᙱᓐᓂᖅ: nagliktuqtauvannginniq: privation affective

Not giving another person the affection and attention and support they need.

Emotions: ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᓃᑦ: Ikpingnianiit: émotions

Feelings like anger and happiness and so on.

Empathy: ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᑐᑭᓯᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ: ikpigijaujumik tukisijunnarniq: empathie

Understanding how another person is feeling, as though you were that person. A good counsellor will show empathy, letting the person know that he or she can understand what the person is feeling.

Empower: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᓕᕐᓂᖅ: pijunnaqtittilirniq: habiliter

Making it possible for someone to have more power and control. Knowledge empowers us.

Enable: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᓕᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: pijunnalirniq, pijunnaqtittiniq: permettre à quelqu'un de faire quelque chose

To make it possible for something to happen. By covering up and making excuses for him, she enables his drinking.

Enabler: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨ: pijunnaliqtittiji: facilitateur

A person who makes it possible for another person to do something.

Endorphins: ᑎᒥᒦᑦᑐᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᑦᑕᐅᑏᑦ: Timimiittut iliqqusiullutik quviattautiit: endorphines

Natural chemicals produced by the brain that make us feel really good.

Enhance: ᐱᐅᓯᕚᓪᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: piusivaalliqtitiniq: améliorer

To make something better. Learning good communication skills will enhance your marriage.

Enmeshed: ᓇᖖᒥᓂᐅᓂᖃᐃᕈᓃᖅᑐᑦ: nangminiuniqaruniiqtut: étroitement lié

In family counselling, this refers to a situation where the family members are so unhealthily dependent on and tied to each other that they have lost the sense of themselves as separate people with separate feelings, needs, and so on. The mother and daughter were so enmeshed that if you asked the daughter what she thought about something, she would always say, "Well, my mother thinks..."

Envious: ᑐᓱᔪᖅ: tusujuq: envieux

Feeling kind of jealous that someone has something which you don't have. She was envious that they had their own house, while she had to live with her brother.

Environment: ᐊᕙᑎ: avati: milieu

The conditions in which you live. A healthy family environment should include both rules and lots of love.

Escalate: ᐱᕈᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊ: pirukpallia: s'accroître, s'intensifier

To get bigger, to increase. The violence escalated every time they'd been drinking.

Ethical: ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖅ: akauniq: éthique

Having to do with what is morally right and good behaviour. The ethical thing to do is to be honest with him.

Euphoric: ᖁᕕᐊᑦᑐᖅ, ᖁᕕᐊᑦᑐᒋᐊᓪᓚᒃ: quviattuq, quviattugiallak: euphorique

Feeling extremely happy.

Evaluate: ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓱᒃ: qaujinasuk: évaluer

To figure out if something is going well or not. Let's evaluate whether this plan is working or not.

Exacerbate: ᐱᐅᔪᓐᓃᖅᑎᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊ: piujunniiqtippallia: exacerber

To make something worse. The drinking exacerbated the violence.

Expectation: ᓂᕆᐅᒋᔭᖅ: niriugijaq: attente

What you want or hope to have happen. My expectation of you is that you will visit me once a week.

Extended Family: ᐃᓛᒌᑦ: ilaagiit: famille élargie

A family that includes not just a mother, a father and their kids, but also other relatives, all of them involved with each other.

Externalize: ᐃᓱᒫᓗᒍᑎᒋᓗᐊᕌᓗᒍᓐᓃᑕᐃᓕᓂᖅ: isumaalugutigiluaraalugunniiqtailiniq: extérioriser

To see problems as being caused by events "out there," rather than feeling that they're caused because you yourself are bad or a problem. When she was able to externalize the problem and understand that she wasn't a bad mother but that she was under a lot of stress, she was able to learn new ways of coping.

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F

Facial Expressions: ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑐᖅ: saqqijaaqtuq: expressions du visage

The things you do with your face to show how you're feeling. Examples are smiling, or wrinkling your nose to show "no."

Facilitate: ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎ (ᐱᑎᑦᑎ): aulatti (pititti): animer

To make things easier, to help things to happen. He will facilitate the workshop, getting people to discuss their ideas.

Facilitator: ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨ (ᐱᑎᑦᑎᔨ): aulattiji (pitittiji): animateur

Someone who helps things happen. See "Facilitate."

Factor: ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᔪᖅ: pijjutauqataujuq: facteur

One part out of many. One thing or smaller part that is involved in making something happen. There were many things involved, but one factor in the violence was that he was drunk.

F. A. E.: E. A. F. (voir sous effets de l'alcool chez le foetus)

See "Fetal Alcohol Effects."

Family, Extended: ᐃᓛᒌᑦ: ilaagiit: famille élargie

A family that includes not just the mother, the father and their kids, but also other relatives, all of them involved with each other.

Family, Nuclear: ᕿᑐᕐᖓᕇᑦ: qiturngariit: famille nucléique

A basic family that includes just a mother, father and their children.

Family Violence: ᐃᓛᒌᓂ ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓯᕆᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᖅ ᖁᓄᔪᕐᓂᐊᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ: ilagiini aanniqsiriqattautiniq qunujurniaqattautinirluunniit: violence familiale

The physical or sexual violence that happens within a family.

F. A. S.: S. A. F., syndrome alcoolique foetal

See "Fetal Alcohol Syndrome."

Fed Up: ᐃᕿᐊᙳᕐᓂᖅ, ᐃᕿᐊᖖᒎᔾᔨᓂᖅ: iqianngurniq, iqiannguujjiniq: exaspéré

A feeling of "I've had enough of this. I want this to stop." I'm fed up with having to tell my son to go to school every day.

Feedback: ᑭᐅᔭᐅᓂᖅ: kiujauniq: feedback

Letting someone know how you feel or what you think about something they've said or done. This response can be in words or in body language or in writing. The feedback he got after his talk was very positive: people came up and shook his hand, or told him how much they agreed with him.

Fetal Alcohol Effects: ᓯᖓᐃᖑᓪᓗᓂ (ᓈᔾᔨᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ) ᐋᖓᔮᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᑦ: singaingulluni (najjiangulluni) aangajaaqattalaurnirmut akaunngiliurutit: effets de l'alcool sur le foetus

Certain bad things that a child can be born with if the mother drinks alcohol while she's pregnant. The effects can be things like the child will have a hard time learning new things, or may not be able to control his anger.

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome: ᓯᖓᐃᖑᓪᓗᓂ (ᓈᔾᔨᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ) ᐋᖓᔮᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᙱᔾᔪᑎᑦ: singaingulluni (najjiangulluni) aangajaaqattalaurnirmut nalunanngijjutit: syndrome alcoolique foetal

A whole group of birth defects that can happen to a child if the mother drinks alcohol while she's pregnant. The defects include things like retardation and a certain kind of abnormal-looking face.

Flashback: ᐃᖅᑲᐃᑳᓪᓚᖕᓂᖅ: iqqaikaallangniq: retour en arrière

A sudden clear memory or image about some thing that happened in your past. When her friend was talking about being abused, she had a flashback of the time that had happened to her too.

Flexible: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ: asijjirunnarniq: souplesse

Able to change, able to look at things in new ways, able to accept changes.

Focus: ᑕᐅᑐᒃᑕᑐᐊᖃᑲᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ: tautuktatuaqakainnarniq: se concentrer sur

To concentrate on one thing. I'd like to focus on your relationship with your husband.

Follow Through: ᑲᔪᓯᓂᖅ: kajusiniq: observer les étapes convenues

Do what has been planned. I'm wondering why you haven't followed through on your plan to keep a journal.

Follow Up: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓕᕐᒪᖔᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ: qanuilingalrmangaarmik qaujisarniq: suivi

Checking out how things are going, after some plan or program or activity has been finished. Let's set a follow-up appointment about a month after you leave treatment.

Foster Home: ᑎᒍᐊᖅᓯᙳᐊᑦ: tiguaqsinnguat: famille d'accueil

A family that will take in and care for a child who cannot live in his own home.

Frequency: ᐱᒐᔪᖕᓂᖅ: pigajunniq: fréquence

How often something happens. The frequency of the violence was increasing: it used to happen a couple of times a month, but now it happens every week.

Frightened: ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᖕᓂᖅ/ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᒃᑐᖅ: kappiasungniq/kappiasuktuq: craintif

Scared.

Front Line Staff: ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᔩᑦ: inuusilirijiit: personnel de première ligne

The people who do the direct, everyday work with clients. (Not supervisors, etc.)

Frustrated: ᓱᑲᔾᔪᔾᔨᔭᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᑲᐅᔅᓴᙱᓐᓂᖅ: sukajjujjijaqarniq, akaussannginniq: frustré

A feeling of being discouraged and upset and maybe a little angry, because something isn't going the way you'd like it to go. I'm really frustrated because this client keeps skipping appointments.

Functional: ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ: aulattiaqtuq: fonctionnel

Working the way it should. It's a functional family: everybody is caring and responsible, and there are no big problems.

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G

Gender: ᐊᕐᓇᐅᓂᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᓂᕐᓘᓐᓃᑦ: arnaunirluuniit: angutaunirluunniit: sexe

The sex that you are (male or female).

Gender Role: ᐊᖑᑕᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ, ᐊᕐᓇᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖏᑦ: angutaunirminut, arnaunirminut piliriangit: rôle de genre

The things that you do or the responsibilities that you take on because you are a man or a woman. In the past, gender roles were often very specific: men did certain things and women did certain things. Today, there is much more mixing.

Generalize: ᐃᓕᓯᒪᔭᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᕈᓐᓇᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: ilisimajamik aturunnaqtittiniq: généraliser

To be able to take a skill or attitude that you learned in one specific situation, and use it in other situations. I'm hoping he will be able to generalize the communication skills he learned and use them not only with his wife but with other people too.

Genetic: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᓂᖖᒑᕐᓂᖅ, ᓯᕗᓕᖅᓱᖅᑐᖅ: angajuqqaarninngaaniq, sivulirsuqtuq: génétique

Referring to some characteristic that you inherit from your parents and are born with. Certain kinds of diseases are genetic.

• Genetic predisposition: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖏᓐᓂᖖᒑᕈᑎᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓖᑦ: angajuqaanginninngaarutiutuinnarialiit: prédisposition génétique: An inborn tendency or possibility. There is evidence that some people may have a genetic predisposition to become alcoholics.

Genogram: ᓯᕗᕚᑦᑎᓐᓂᑦ ᒫᓐᓇᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᔾᔪᑎ: sivuvaattinnit maanamut qaujijjuti: génogramme

A "map" or drawing of your family relationships going back more than one generation which can help you figure out where certain repeated behaviour patterns come from. Looking at the genogram, she saw that several people on her mother's side had had alcohol problems.

Given: ᓇᓗᓇᙱᓚᖅ: nalunanngilaq: acquis

A fact. Something that is known to be a certain way. It's a given that he can't be trusted. The givens in this situation are that there are two children, the mother has no family members to support her, and she has a drug problem.

Goal: ᑐᕌᒐᖅ, ᑎᑭᓐᓇᓱᐊᖅᑕᖅ, ᐅᐸᒐᓱᐊᖅᑕᖅ: turaagaq, tikinnasuaqtaq, upagasuaqtaq: but

The thing that you want to accomplish; your purpose for doing something.

• Outcome goal: ᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᕈᒪᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ: imannailirumaniarniq: but ultime: Your main, or final, goal. His outcome goal was to weigh 30 kilograms less.
• Process goal: ᐊᑐᒐᒃᓴᒐᓇᐃᑦ: atugaksaganait: but de processus: The small goals you set that help you get to your main goal. One of his process goals for losing weight is to exercise at least three times a week.

Grass: ᐃᕕᒃ, ᐅᔭᕋᒃ, ᓱᐴᖅᑐᕐᓗᒐᖅ: ivik, ujaraq, supuuqturlugaq: pot

Marijuana.

Gratified: ᖁᔭᓕᔪᖅ, ᐊᓕᐊᓇᐃᒍᓱᒃᑐᖅ: qujalijuq, alianaigusuktuq: content, satisfait

Pleased, glad. I'm gratified that you used my idea.

Gratify: ᖁᔭᓕᑎᑦᑎ, ᐊᓕᐊᓇᐃᒍᓱᒃᑎᑦᑎ: qujalititti, alianaigusuttitti: faire plaisir à

To please someone, make them happy, give them what they want. He wanted to gratify her wish to move back home, so he found a job in that community.

Gratitude: ᖁᔭᓕᓂᖅ: qujaliniq: gratitude

Being glad and thankful about something someone did for you. She showed her gratitude for their help by baking them some bannock.

Grief: ᑭᒃᓵᖕᓂᖅ: kiksaangniq: chagrin

Deep sadness and emotional pain.

Grieving: ᕿᒃᓵᒃᑐᖅ: qiksaaktuq: avoir du chagrin

Feeling deep sadness and emotional pain about something that has happened, like a death in the family.

Ground Rules: ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ: maligait: principales règles

The basic rules of behaviour in a certain situation. One of the ground rules at the treatment centre is that you must attend group meetings every day.

Group: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᙵᔪᑦ: inuit katinngajut: groupe

Two or more people together.

Guilty: ᑯᐊᓄᖁᑯᕿᐊ: kuanuqukuqia: coupable

Having done something wrong. The court found him guilty of the crime.

Feeling like you've done something wrong. She felt guilty because she had lied.

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H

Hallucinate: ᑕᑯᔭᒃᓴᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᔪᖅ: takujaksaunngittumik takujuq: avoir des hallucinations

To "see" something that isn't really there. He hallucinated when he took the drugs, seeing birds flying around his head.

Hallucination: ᑕᑯᔭᒃᓴᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᓂᖅ: takujaksaunngittumik takuniq: hallucination

A vision of something that isn't really there. He had hallucinations of birds when he took the drugs.

Hallucinogen: ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᒃᓴᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᑕᑯᑎᑦᑎᔭᑦᑐᑦ: aangajaarnaqtuq takujaksaunngittumik takutittijuq: hallucinogènes

Any drug that produces visions of things that aren't really there.

Hangover: ᐱᙳᓂᖅ, ᐊᕆᐅᖅᑲᓂᖅ: pinnguniq, ariuqqaniq: mal de bloc du lendemain

The sick feeling you have the next morning after you've had too much to drink.

Hash, Hashish: ᐅᔭᕋᒃ, ᑎᓯᔪᖅ ᓱᐴᖅᑐᕐᓗᒐᖅ, ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: ujarak, tisijuq supuuqturlugaq, aangajaarnartuq: hasch ou haschich

A drug made from the same plant that marijuana is made from.

Heal: ᒪᒥᑦ: mamit: guérir

To make something healthy again.

Hereditary: ᓯᕗᓕᖅᓱᖅᑐᖅ: sivuliqsuqtuq: héréditaire

Being born with some characteristic that is passed on from a parent. Like "genetic." There is some evidence that the tendency to develop alcohol problems may sometimes be hereditary.

Heroin: ᑲᐴᑎᒧᑦ ᓱᓐᓂᕈᑎ, ᐊᐳᑎᐅᔮᖅᑐᖅ: kapuutimut sunniruti, aputiujaaqtuq: héroïne

A certain kind of strong drug which stops pain and dulls the senses. It is very addictive.

Heterosexual: ᐊᕐᓇᖅ ᐊᖑᑎᓂᒃ ᐃᒃᖠᒍᓱᓲᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖑᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᒃᖠᒍᓱᓲᖅ: arnaq angutinik ikłigususuuq ammalu angut arnarnik ikłigususuuq: hétérosexuel

A person who is sexually attracted to the opposite sex.

Hidden Agenda: ᐱᔪᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᔨᕋᖅᑐᖅᑐᖅ: pijumanirmut ijiraqtuqtuq: but secret

A secret or hidden purpose or goal that you have, which other people don't know about. Though he attended the group meetings, he wasn't really interested in changing; his hidden agenda was that he didn't want to go back to jail.

High: ᐋᖓᔮᖅᑐᖅ, ᓱᓐᓂᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᓱᕐᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: aangajaaqtuq, sunniqsimajuq, surraksimajuq: être gelé

Being under the influence of drugs or alcohol, so that your behaviour and thoughts are confused and not normal.

Holistic: ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᓕᒫᖅ: tamainnilimaaq: holistique

Having to do with the "whole" of something, rather than just a part. Also spelled "wholistic." A holistic treatment program doesn't just pay attention to the fact that clients can't control their drinking: it looks at the whole person, including spirit, mind, body, culture, social relationships and environment.

Homework Assignment: ᑕᑯᔭᐅᕝᕕᒃᓴᒥ ᑐᖔᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᔭᒃᓴᐃᑦ: ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᑦ: takujauvviksami tungaani pilirijaksait piliriaksat: devoirs

An activity that a counsellor gives to a client, which he is supposed to work on between appointments. The activity is something that is related to his goal.

Homosexual: ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᒥᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᖃᑎᒥᓂᒡᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᒃᖠᒍᓱᒃᑐᖅ: angutauqatiminigluunniit arnauqatiminigluuniit ikłigusuktuq: homosexuel

A person who is sexually attracted to someone of the same sex.

Honeymoon Period: ᖃᓄᐃᙱᓕᓚᐅᑲᖕᓂᖅ: qaniunngililaukangniq: période de lune de miel

A time of peace and calm before tension and problems start up. When they first took the boy to live with them, there was a honeymoon period of several weeks before he started to be violent.

Hope: ᐊᑐᖁᙳᐊᕋᔭᖅᑕᒥᒃ ᓂᕆᐅᖕᓂᖅ: atuqunnguarajaqtamik niriungniq: espoir

The feeling that something good will happen, that things will get better.

Hopeful: ᐊᑐᖁᙳᐊᕋᔭᖅᑕᒥᒃ ᓂᕆᐅᖕᓂᓕᒃ: atuqunnguarajaqtamik niriungnilik: rempli d'espoir

Having the feeling that things will get better, that some good thing will happen.

Hormones: ᑎᒥᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᔾᔭᐃᔨᖏᑦ: timiup aulajjaijingit: hormones

Certain substances produced by the body that affect both our emotions and the body's inner activities. Testosterone, a male hormone, seems to be involved in aggressive behaviour.

Hostile: ᑐᓐᓂᐊᓇᖅᑐᖅ: tunnianaqtuq: hostile

Unfriendly and uncooperative and angry.

Hostility: ᑐᓐᓂᐊᓇᕐᓂᖅ: tunnianarniq: hostilité

A combination of unfriendliness and anger. He showed a lot of hostility when anyone talked to his wife.

Hyperactive: ᐅᐃᒻᒪᒃ: uimmak: hyperactif

Very active, more than normal, unable to stop moving around. She was a very hyperactive child, unable to sit still for more than a few minutes.

Hypnosis: ᓯᓂᖅᑰᔨᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐃᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᑎᑕᐅ ᔪᒪᒧᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖔᑎᑕᐅᔪᒪᔪᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ: siniqquujiliqtitausimajuq iqqaikkanniqtitaujumamulluunniit qanuiliungaaqtitau jumamulluunniit: hypnose

A condition of very deep relaxation where a person isn't asleep, and can be talked to, but he isn't aware of what's going on around him. When he is like this, suggestions can be made about things he will do or remember. It is used to help people remember things, or to help them change certain behaviours.

Hypnotic: ᓯᓂᓕᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: sinilirnaqtuq: hypnotique

A drug or medicine that makes you fall asleep.

Hypochondriac: ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᑕᐅᔾᔨᓲᖅ: aanniarnirminik ungataujjisuuq: hypocondriaque

A person who believes that s/he has a serious illness whenever s/he gets some small ache or pain, even though nothing is really wrong. She is a hypochondriac; for example, when she gets even a small headache, she is convinced that she has a brain tumour.

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Icebreaker: ᖃᓱᕚᓪᓕᕈᑏᑦ: qasuvaallirutiit: activité pour casser la glace

An activity you can do with a group of people who don't know each other well that will help them relax.

Identity: ᑭᓇᐅᓂᖅ: kinauniq: identité

Your sense of "who" you are, your sense of self. Her identity is based on her role in the family: she sees herself mainly as Jack's wife and Lisa's mother.

Identity Crisis: ᓇᓗᓇᖅᑐᒃᑰᓚᐅᑲᖕᓂᖅ: nalunaqtukkuulaukangniq: crise d'identité

A painful time when you're questioning "Who am I and what's my purpose in life?" Teenagers sometimes go through an identity crisis as they try to figure out what to do with their lives.

Imagery: ᑕᐅᑐᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ: tautunguarniq: visualisation

Imagining a certain situation as clearly as you can. Some relaxation techniques use imagery, where you imagine yourself in a really peaceful place.

Impact: ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂ(ᖃᖅ): aktuini(qaq): incidence

The effect that something has. How children are treated has a big impact on what kind of adults they turn out to be.

Impaired: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑎᐊᕈᓃᖅᑐᖅ, ᓱᑕᐃᖅᑐᖅ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᓱᓐᖏᒋᓕᖅᑐᖅ: taimaittiaruniiqtuq, sutaiqtuq, iliqqusiqsunngiliqtuq: diminué

Weakened or damaged; not functioning as well as usual. (Often used to mean that someone is not functioning well because he's under the influence of drugs or alcohol.) His thinking was impaired because he was drunk. Her hearing was impaired because of the many beatings she'd had.

Impatient: ᐅᑕᖅᑭᔪᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᑯᓂᒍᓱᔭᑦᑐᖅ: utaqqijunnangittuq, akunigusujattuq: impatient

Restless, or wanting things to happen quickly; or not able put up with something you don't like. He was very impatient with the slow way she talked, and finally he just interrupted her.

Implement: ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎ: atuliqtitti: mettre en application

To put a plan or idea into action. In order to implement this decision, we must find some money.

Impulse: ᑕᕝᕙᙵᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅ: tavvanngattainnaq: pulsion

A sudden feeling of wanting to do something. She often had the impulse to go shopping for new clothes.

Impulsive: ᐊᐴᔾᔭᖅᑐᖅ: apuujjaqtuq: impulsif

Doing things suddenly and without thinking about them. She was very impulsive: she just did anything she wanted whenever she felt like it.

Inadequate: ᓈᒻᒪᙱᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ: nammanngiluaqtuq: inadéquat

Not enough; not as good as it should be. They wore very inadequate winter clothing, so they were always cold.

Inappropriate: ᓈᒻᒪᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ: nammanngittiaqtuq: inapproprié

Not acceptable, not the way it should be. It was very inappropriate for you to get angry at her in public.

Incest: ᐃᓚᑐᕐᓂᖅ: ilaturniq: inceste

Sex between close family members. This usually refers to parents having sex with their children, or brothers and sisters having sex.

Inconsistent: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᔅᓴᐃᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ajjigiissainnanngittuq: inconsistant

Doing things differently all the time. When behaviours or attitudes that don't match or fit together. She was very inconsistent in disciplining her kids: sometimes she let them do anything they wanted. Other times she'd punish them for even little things. Your words are inconsistent with your behaviour: you say you want to work, but you always have an excuse when someone offers you a job.

Indirect: ᑎᕐᓕᐊᖅᓯᔪᖅ, ᑐᓵᙱᓴᕐᓂᖅ: Tirliaqsijuq, Tusaanngiasarniq: indirect

Not in a straight way. An indirect advantage of the drop-in centre was that people realized that they weren't the only ones with problems. She used all kinds of indirect ways to let him know she was upset: she sighed, didn't talk much and cooked him somehing she knew he didn't like.

Individualize: ᐊᑐᓃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: atuniiqtittiniq: personnaliser

To make something specifically for a certain person; or to change something so that it is more suitable for a certain person. The treatment program was individualized for each client so that each person had a chance to work on the changes that were important to him.

Inebriated: ᐋᖓᔮᖅᑐᖅ: aangajaaqtuq: ivre, ébriété

Drunk.

Inferior: ᐊᔪᕆᔪᖅ, ᐊᔪᖅᑐᕆᔪᖅ: ajurijuq, ajuqturijuq: inférieur

Not as good as something or someone else. I feel very inferior when I talk to someone who has a better education.

Informed Consent: ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᓂᖅ: tukisiumattiarnirmut angirniq: consentement

Really understanding what it is you are agreeing to. Because she doesn't understand English well and she didn't have an interpreter available, I don't think she was able to give informed consent for the decision.

Inhalant: ᓂᐅᖅᓯᑳᒐᐃᑦ: niuqsikaagait: substance inhale

Dangerous substances, like glue or gasoline or hairspray, that make you "high" if you breathe in the gases they give off.

Initial: ᐱᒋᐊᙵᕐᓂ: pigianngarniq: initial

The first. The beginning. The initial problems began when her husband died.

Initiate: ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: pigiaqtittiniq: entreprendre

To start or begin. The centre initiated weekly group meetings for abused women after many women asked for help.

Inpatient: ᐃᓂᓪᓚᖓᔪᖅ, ᐃᓐᓇᖓᔪᖅ: inillangajuq, innangajuq: en établissement

Living in the treatment place while you are receiving help. Their inpatient program is 4 weeks long.

Insecure: ᓇᓗᖅᑯᑎᓂᖅ: naluqqutiniq: insécurisé

Feeling unsure and not good enough. I felt very insecure whenever I was asked a question; I was always afraid I'd be wrong.

Insight: ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ: tukisiumaniqarniq: perspicacité

Understanding things that aren't obvious; understanding the inner reasons for people's feelings and behaviour. Because he'd been in the same situation, he had insight into what she was feeling.

Insomnia: ᓯᓂᒍᓐᓇᙱᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ: sinigunnanngiqattarniq: insomnie

Not being able to sleep. One sign of his depression was that he had insomnia and hadn't been able to get a full night's sleep for weeks.

Instrumental: ᐱᑎᑦᑎᖃᑕᐅᔪᖅ: pitittiqataujuq: collaborer à

Being an active part of, or reason for, something that happens. He was instrumental in getting a new community centre built.

Integrate: ᐃᓚᒋᓕᐅᑎᓂᖅ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕈᕐᓂᖅ: ilagiliutiniq, atausirurniq: intégrer

To put things together so that they become one. After much practice, he was able to integrate the new behaviours so that they became smooth natural reactions. The handicapped child was integrated into the regular classroom.

Intellectualize: ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᖃᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᕐᓗ ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᒍᑎᒋᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓪᓗᒍ: uqausiqatuinnaqtuq isumagijaqatuinnaqturlu ikpigusugutigittailimallugu: intellectualiser

To ignore the emotional part of a situation and just try to explain it logically. She intellectualized about her problem every time we talked; she did not want to deal with her emotions.

Intensity: ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᕐᓂᖓᑕ ᓴᙱᓂᖓ: ikpingnirningata sanngininga: intensité

Strength, or concentration, or amount. The intensity of his love was so strong that he would have given his life for his children's safety.

Intention: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᒫᕐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ: qanuiliurumaarniarniq: intention

The thing you mean to do. My intention is to leave tonight.

Interaction: ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᖅ: inuuqatigiiqattautiniq: interaction

Something happening back and forth between two people. The interaction between them was hard to watch because they argued so much.

Intergenerational: ᐃᓱᒪᖃᑎᒌᙱᓐᓂᖅ ᓇᓕᒧᒌᙱᓗᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ (ᐅᑭᐅᖃᖃᑎᒌᙱᓗᐊᒧᑦ): isumaqatigiinnginniq nalimugiinngiluarnirmut (ukiuqaqatigiinngiluamut): intergénérationnel

Between two or more generations of people... for example, parent and child. Sometimes there are inter-generational misunderstandings because young people want different things than their parents wanted.

Internalize: ᐅᒃᐱᕈᓱᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖅ: ukpirusuliqtitausimaniq: intérioriser

To really accept some attitude or idea or behaviour and make it a real part of yourself. The child internalized all his mother's criticism and began to believe that he really was very bad.

Interpersonal: ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᑦ: inuuqatigiingnikkut: interpersonnel

Happening between two or more people. To have better interpersonal relationships, we should learn to express our anger appropriately.

Interpret: ᑐᑭᓕᐅᕆᓂᖅ, ᑐᑭᓯᓯᒪᓂᖅ: tukiliuriniq, tukisisimaniq: interpréter

To give a meaning to something. He interpreted her behaviour as meaning she didn't love him.

Intervene: ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖅᓴᒃᑰᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓇᓱᒃᑐᖅ: akauniqsakkuuriaqtittinasuktuq: intervenir

To step in, to come between, in order to help something change. He tried to intervene in their argument, asking them to talk calmly.

Intervention: ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖅᓴᒃᑰᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓇᓱᖕᓂᖅ: akauniqsakkuuriaqtittinasungniq: intervention

The act of stepping in and trying to change something. See "Intervene."

Intimacy: ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᖃᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: aktuaniqaqatigiingniq: intimité

Real closeness to another person, where you know each other really well and share a lot of private feelings and thoughts. The intimacy between them was obvious ... they even knew what the other was thinking without having to be told.

Intoxicated: ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓂᖅ, ᓱᓐᓂᐅᒪᓂᖅ, ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: aangajaarniq, sunniumaniq, asijjiqsimajuq: ivre

Under the influence of drugs or alcohol to the point that you're not acting or thinking normally. Usually used to refer to being drunk, but can also refer to drug use.

Involuntary: ᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓂᖅ, ᐱᔮᖅᑰᙱᑦᑐᒃᑯᑦ: tiliuqtausimaniq, pijaaqquunngittukkut: involontaire

Not having any choice: you do something because someone makes you, or because it just happens without you being able to control it. He was an involuntary client: the court had ordered him to get counselling. Whenever she saw him, she started to shake; it was an involuntary reaction because she'd always been so scared of being hit.

Irrational: ᑐᑭᖃᙱᓴᖕᓂᖅ: tukiqanngisangniq: irrationnel

Crazy; not making sense. She was completely irrational, screaming and crying. It's irrational to believe that you have to please everybody all the time.

Irritated: ᐸᒡᕕ: pagvi: irrité

A little bit angry. I get irritated when she calls several times a day.

Isolated: ᐊᕗᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ: avutisimajuq: isolé

To be uninvolved with others, separate and cut off from other people. She felt very isolated because her family lived in another community and because she wasn't able to get out and make friends.

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Jealous: ᓯᖕᓇᔪᖅ: singnajuq: jaloux

To be afraid or suspicious or angry because you think you might lose the person you love; or upset because someone has something you don't have.

Judgmental: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑲᐅᓯᕐᓂᖅ, ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑲᐅᓯᕐᓂᖅ: angajuqqausirniq, angijuqqausirniq: qui porte un jugement

Making judgments about someone's behaviour; telling another person what is right or wrong or what they should be doing. You should accept people the way they are, without being judgmental about them.

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Korsakoff's Syndrome: ᖃᕋᓴᖓ ᐃᓕᙵᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᒥᖅᐸᔅᓲᔭᓗᐊᕐᓂᑯᒧᑦ (ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ) ᐃᒥᓗᐊᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᑯᒧᑦ: qarasanga ilinngaksimajuq imiqpassuujaluarnikumut (uvvaluunniit) imiluaqattarnikumut: syndrome de korsakoff

A form of brain damage caused by long-term heavy use of alcohol, in which the person is unable to remember what happened in the past and is also unable to learn new things.

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Learned Helplessness: ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔭᐅᐱᒃᑲᓗᐊᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᕋᓱᒋᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: uqaujjaupikkaluamut ajurasugiliqsimajuq: impuissance acquise

Becoming helpless and believing you have no control over your life because someone else is always telling you that you're worthless and can't do anything right; leading you to think it's true.

Leisure: ᐱᓐᓇᔮᕐᓂᖅ: pinnajaarniq: temps de loisir

Relaxation time, time away from work or other duties. She worked long days and had no leisure activities, so I suggested she take at least 30 minutes each evening to do something that she enjoyed.

Lethal: ᑐᖁᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: tuqunnaqtuq: fatal

Causing death. The beating was lethal.

Lethality: ᑐᖁᓐᓇᖅᑑᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖓ: tuqunnaqtuujunnarninga: degré de dangerosité

The potential to cause death; how likely something is to cause death. In suicide counselling, it is important to figure out the lethality of the person's plan: for example, hanging is more likely to result in death than taking a dozen aspirin.

Life Expectancy: ᐃᓅᓯᒃᓴᖃᕐᓂᖓ ᖃᓄᑎᒋᐅᔪᒃᓴᐅᕙ: inuusiksaqarninga qanutigiujuksauva: espérance de vie

The length of time that a person can normally be expected to live. The life expectancy of smokers is less than that of non-smokers.

Life Skills: ᐃᓅᓯᖃᑦᑎᐊᕋᓱᒍᓐᓇᕈᑏᑦ: inuusiqattiarasugunnarutiit: connaissances pratiques

The things we need to be able to do in order to lead a happy useful life. This can include things like learning how to support yourself, or how to get along better with people, and so on.

Logical Consequences: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑉᐳᖅ: taimaimmat taimaippuq: conséquences logiques

A reasonable or understandable result of some behaviour. The parents were taught to use logical consequences when disciplining their children: for example, if the child starts yelling and misbehaving in the store, they should take him home.

Long-Term: ᑕᑭᓂᖓ, ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖓ: takininga, akuniuninga: à long terme

Taking place over a long period of time; or, referring to something that is intended to last for a long time. Changing to a new lifestyle is a long-term process; it won't happen overnight.

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Maintenance: ᑲᔪᓯᑦᑎᐊᖏᓐᓇᕈᑎ: kajusittianginnaruti: soutien

Doing what needs to be done in order to keep something going on. AA meetings are a good maintenance technique for some people to help them keep from drinking again.

Mandatory: ᐱᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ: pijaujarialik: obligatoire

Must be done. The judge said it was mandatory that he help out at the elders' centre.

Manic-Depressive: ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖅᓱᕈᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓅᓯᖅ: akunniqsurunnanngittuq inuusiq: maniaco-dépressif

A certain type of mental illness where the person's moods and behaviour swing strongly from being abnormally active and emotional to being depressed. It is also called "Bipolar disorder."

Manipulate: ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᒃᖠᖅᓯᓇᓱᖕᓂᖅ: silairrikłiqsinasungniq: manipuler

To influence someone in an unfair, sneaky way. She tried to manipulate my feelings by pretending to feel upset about what happened. He's a manipulator who manages to get other people blamed for things that he does.

Manipulative: ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᒃᖠᖅᓯᒃᑲᖅ: silairrikłiqsikkaq: sournois

Trying to control or influence someone else.

Marijuana: ᐅᔭᕋᒃ, ᓱᐴᖅᑐᕐᓗᒐᖅ, ᐃᕕᒃ: ujarak, supuuqturlugaq, ivik: marijuana

A drug that is usually smoked, which affects the way you see, feel and think.

Marital: ᐊᐃᑉᐸᕇᖕᓂᕐᒨᖓᔪᖅ: aippariingnirmuungajuq: matrimonial

Having to do with marriage. Would you and your husband be willing to come in for marital counselling? What is your marital status... . are you married, single, separated or common-law?

Maternal: ᐊᓈᓇᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᓈᓇᐅᓂᒃᑯᑦ, ᐊᓈᓇᐅᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᔪᖅ/ᐊᓈᓇᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: anaanaunirmut, anaanaunikkut, anaanaunirmik ikpingniajuq/anaanajunnaqtuq: maternel

Having to do with being a mother. Also, being related to someone through your mother. She had strong maternal feelings and spent as much time with her kids as possible. My maternal grandmother lives with us.

Mediate: ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖓᓐᓃᓪᓗᓂ ᓈᒻᒪᒌᖃᑦᑕᖅᑎᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ: Akunninganniilluni namagiiqattaqtiliqtittigasuarniq: agir comme médiateur

To be "in the middle," helping others come to an agreement about something or solve a problem. The school counsellor tried to mediate between the teacher and the student.

• Mediator: ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖓᓃᖅᑎ: akunninganiiqti: médiateur: The person who mediates.

Minimize: ᓱᓇᐅᙱᑎᓗᐊᖅ: sunaunngitiluaq: minimiser

To make something smaller or less important. I was angry because she minimized my sadness, telling me I was silly to be feeling that way.

Mixed Message: ᒪᕐᕈᐃᓕᖓᔪᖅ: marruilingajuq: message ambivalent

When someone tells you something and it's not clear exactly what they are saying: it seems to be one thing, but at the same time it seems to be the opposite. She gives her kids mixed messages: she tells them that she wants them to go to school, but if they skip, she doesn't do anything about it.

Model¹: ᐊᔪᕆᖅᓲᔾᔨᓂᖅ: ajuriqsuujjiniq: présenter un modèle

To show or demonstrate how something is done. The counsellor modeled good communication skills, so her clients could see what they needed to do.

Model²: ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑎᐊᕋᓱᖕᓂᕐᒧᑦ: qaujisaqtausimajut atuqtaujunnaqtut aaqqittiarasungnirmut: modèle

An organized "pattern" of ideas and methods for doing something or understanding something. Like a "package" of reasons and skills. There are several ideas about what causes alcohol abuse: the disease model says it is a physical disease; the social learning model says that people learn to abuse alcohol by seeing others around them do it.

Moderation: ᐱᓗᐊᙱᓐᓂᖅ: piluannginniq: modération

Doing things in a reasonable way, not too much. Drink in moderation, not too often and without getting drunk.

Modification: ᐊᓯᔾᔩᓂᖅ: asijjiiniq: modification

A change in something. You must make a modification in your drinking habits if you want to come back home.

Modify: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᑎᑦ: asijjiqtit: modifier

To change something. I want to modify my life by giving up smoking and drinking.

Mood: ᐃᓅᑉ ᖃᓄᐃᓐᓂᖓ: inuup qanuinninga: humeur

The way you are feeling. She was in a bad mood and didn't want to talk to anyone.

Motivate: ᐱᔪᒃᓯᑎᑦᑎ, ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᐃ: pijuksititti, kajungiqsai: motiver

To push or encourage a person to do something. I tried to motivate him to give up smoking by offering to teach him to hunt if he quit.

Motivation: ᐱᔪᒃᓯᓂᖅ, ᑲᔪᖏᖅᓴᕐᓂᖅ: pijuksiniq, kajungiqsarniq: motivation

The desire or push or feeling of wanting to do a certain thing. After her husband died, she lost all her own motivation to live.

Multimodal: ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᕈᓘᔭᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᑲᔫᑎᒃᓴᑦ ᐆᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᕐᓗᑎᒃ: ajjigiinngiruluujaqtut ikajuutiksat uuktuqtaujunnarlutik: multimodal

Using a variety of different methods or techniques to accomplish something. The treatment centre used multimodal treatment plans with clients: they had group meetings and used cognitive restructuring, behaviour modification and self-help techniques.

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Narcotic: ᐄᔭᒃᑲᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑲᐴᑎᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᒌᒃᑯᑎᑦ, ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᔾᔭᐃᒃᑯᑎᑦ (ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕈᓐᓃᕈᑎᑦ) ᐅᐃᕐᖓᓕᕐᓇᖅᖢᑎᒃ: iijakkalluunniit kapuutilluunniit ikpingniagiikkutit, ikpingniajjaikkutit (aanniarunniirutiit) uirngalirnaqłutiglu: stupéfiant

Certain kinds of drugs that deaden your feelings, kill pain and make you sleepy. Examples are heroin and codeine.

Neglect: ᐃᒃᓯᓐᓇᖅ: iksinnaq: négliger

Not take care of things, not do what you should do, not pay attention to something. The parents neglected their children; they didn't feed them properly and left them alone a lot.

Negotiate: ᐋᔩᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ, ᐅᖃᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: aajiiqatigiingniq, uqaqatigiingniq: négocier

To talk back and forth about something until everybody agrees on a decision. Let's negotiate some goals that both of you can agree on.

Nervous Breakdown: ᐳᓚᒃᑲᖅᑐᖅ: pulakkaqtuq: dépression nerveuse

Becoming temporarily mentally ill. After the divorce, he had a nervous breakdown: he didn't wash or go to work or talk to anybody.

Neurotransmitters: ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᓂᐅᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔾᔪᑎᖏᑦ ᑎᒥᒦᑦᑐᑦ: ikpingnianiup aulattijjutingit timimiitut: neuromédiateurs

Chemicals produced by your brain that pass "messages" along the nerves in your body. For example, when you hurt yourself, a certain neurotransmitter will send the message to your brain that you are in pain. Drugs and alcohol affect the neurotransmitters.

Nicotine: ᑕᕝᕚᑲᒦᑦᑐᖅ ᐅᐃᕆᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: tavvaakamiittuq uirinnaqtuq: nicotine

The drug in tobacco, which is addictive.

Nonassertive: ᒪᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ: manituinnaq: qui ne s'affirme pas

Not standing up for yourself, not saying what you really want or need. Because she was so nonassertive, people always took advantage of her.

Nonjudgmental: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑲᐅᓴᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑲᐅᓵᙱᑦᑐᖅ: angajuqqausanngittuq, angijuqqausaanngittuq: qui ne juge pas

Not judging other people's behaviour, or telling them they're right or wrong, or telling them what to do. He was a very nonjudgmental person, so everyone felt comfortable talking to him.

Nonverbal: ᐅᖃᓪᓚᖕᓇᓂ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑐᖅ: uqallangnani nalunaiqtuq: non verbalis

Not using words, not talking, but expressing thoughts or feelings in other ways. Her nonverbal behaviour showed she was excited: she was smiling and waving her arms.

Norm: ᐱᐅᓯᖅ: piusiq: norme

The usual and accepted way something is done. The norm in AA meetings is that people only tell their first names.

Normalize: ᐊᑐᖅᑕᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᖅ, ᓈᒻᒪᖕᓂᖅᓴᐅᓕᖅᑎᓐᓂᖅ: atuqtaq piusiq, naammangniqsauliqtinniq: normaliser

To help someone understand that her problem is not unusual or really abnormal, and that it can be solved. After the counsellor helped to normalize their problems, the family felt much more hopeful.

Nuclear Family: ᕿᑐᕐᖓᕇᑦ: qiturngariit: famille nucléaire

A basic family that includes only the mother, the father and their children.

Nurture: ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: kamagijaqattiarniq: soins (prodiguer des soins)

Taking care of a person, giving them what they need physically and emotionally. With proper nurture, a child will grow up to be a happy, useful person.

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Obligation: ᐊᑐᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᖅ: aturiaqaqtaq: obligation

A duty that you have to do. Parents have an obligation to care properly for their children.

Observation: ᐅᔾᔨᕆᔭᖅ: ujjirijaq: observation

Something that you see or have noticed. My observations of the family are that they are very loving.

Obsessive: ᐃᓱᒪᑐᐊᖃᓗᐊᓕᕐᓂᖅ, ᐃᓱᒪᒌᓐᓈᓗᖕᓂᖅ: isumatuaqalualirniq, isumagiinnaalungniq: obsédant

Having thoughts or feelings that you can't stop: they keep going through your mind over and over. After she left, he had obsessive thoughts about her: he couldn't stop thinking about her.

Obstacle: ᐊᒡᕕᐊᕈᑦ: agviarut: obstacle

Something that gets in your way when you want to do something. Like "barrier." What obstacles might make it hard for you to quit drinking?

One-To-One; One-On-One: ᐃᓄᑑᖃᑎᒋᓗᒍ ᐅᖃᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: inutuuqatigilugu uqaqatigiingniq: individuellement

One person working just with one person. You attend group meetings regularly, but I'd like to do some one-to-one counselling with you as well.

Open Question: ᐅᓂᒃᑲᐅᓯᕆᖁᔨᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑦ, ᐅᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑦ: unikkausiriqujilluni apiqqut, uqaliqtittigasuaruti apiqqut: question ouverte

A question that needs more than just a short or one-word answer. It can be answered in many ways, and it encourages the other person to really explain. Rather than just asking, "How many children do you have?" you can get more information about her family if you ask an open question like, "Tell me about your family."

Option: ᓇᓖᕌᒐᒃᓴᖅ: naliiraagaksaq: option

One of several things you can do; a choice. I have two options: I can take this job, or I can stay in school.

Outcome Goal: ᐃᒪᓐᓇᐃᓕᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᑦ: imannailirniarmat: but recherché

Your main, or final, goal. (See "Goal.") His outcome goal was to weigh 30 kilograms less.

Outpatient: ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᕝᕕᒋᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᐃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ: ikajuqtauvvigijunnaqtaminut aiqattaqtuq: patient externe

A person who is being treated for a problem, but he lives at home and just comes to the treatment centre at certain times.

Overdose: ᖄᖏᐅᔾᔨᔪᖅ: qaangiujjijuq: surdose

Taking more of a drug than you're supposed to.

Overreact: ᐱᓪᓚᑲᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ, ᑳᖏᐅᔾᔨᒧᖅ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ: pillakaujaqtuq, qaangiujjijuq, piluaqtuq: réaction trop vive

Reacting to a situation in a way that is "stronger" or more emotional than is normal or usual. Whenever she makes even the smallest mistake, she overreacts and gets really upset at herself.

Overt: ᐃᔨᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ijiqsimanngittuq: ouvertement

Done out in the open, able to be seen or heard. Not hidden. He showed overt anger towards her.

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P

Painful: ᐋᓐᓂᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: aannirnaqtuq: douloureux

Something that hurts physically or emotionally.

Paranoid: ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᓗᐊᒪᔮᖅᑐᖅ, ᑲᖐᒋᔭᖃᕈᓘᔭᔭᑦᑐᖅ: kappiasuluamajaaqtuq, kangiigijaqaruluujajattuq: paranoïde

A strong and unrealistic feeling that people are trying to hurt you in some way, or that nobody can be trusted. He was so paranoid that he never told anyone where he lived, because he thought someone would come and steal his things.

Parental: ᐱᕈᖅᓴᐃᓂᖅ/ᓄᑕᖅᑲᓂᒃ (ᓱᕈᓯᕐᓂᒃ) ᐸᖅᑭᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖅ/ᐊᑖᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ-ᐊᓈᓇᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: piruqsainiq/nutaqqanik (surusirnik) paqqijunnarniq/ataataujunnaqtuq: anaanaujunnaqtuq: parental

Having to do with being a parent. They didn't seem to have any parental feelings towards their kids; they just ignored them most of the time.

Passive: ᒪᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ: manituinnaq: passif

Not doing very much, letting things happen to you. She was very passive and just allowed people to take advantage of her.

Passive-Aggressive: ᒪᓂᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᙳᐊᖅᓯᖅᑐᖅᑐᖅ: manituinnaunnguasiqtuqtuq: personnalité passive-aggressive

Looking like you don't care what's happening, or that the situation is OK, but really getting back at the other person in some sneaky way.

Paternal: ᐊᑖᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᑖᑕᐅᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒃᐱᖕᓂᐊᓂᖅ/ᐊᑖᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: ataataunirmut, ataataunikkut ikpingnianiq/ataataujunnaqtuq: paternel

Having to do with being a father. Also, referring to people on the father's side of the family. The uncle took on paternal duties with his sister's children. My paternal aunt sewed beautiful parkas.

Pattern: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᖅ, ᐱᐅᓯᕆᔭᖅ, ᐱᔭᐅᔾᔮᔪᖅ: iliqqusirijaq, piusirijaq, pijaujjaajuq: mode de vie

A repeated way of doing something; when something is done the same way over and over. His usual behaviour pattern was that he would be sober for a few weeks, then drink for several days in a row. There is a pattern to their violent relationship: they get along well when there's no stress, but as soon as tension develops, they start to drink and become violent.

Pedophile: ᐃᒃᖠᒍᓱᓲᖅ ᓄᑕᕋᐃᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ (ᓱᕈᓰᓐᓇᕐᓂᒃ): Ikłigususuuq nutarainnarnik (surusiinnarnik): pédophile

An adult who prefers to have sex with children rather than with other adults.

Peer: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓪᓗᐊᖅ/ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑯᐊᖅ: taimailluaq/taimaikkuaq: pair

Someone like you, of about the same age, or same background, or doing similar work. His peers at work really respect him.

• Peer group: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓪᓗᐊᑦ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑯᐊᑦ: taimailluat, taimaikkuat: groupe de pairs: A group of people like yourself. The boy's peer group at school always teased him.

Perception: ᑐᑭᓯᐅᒪᔭᒃᑯᑦ: tukisiumajakkut: perception

The way you "see" or understand or interpret things to be. Her perception of his behaviour is that he doesn't care about her.

Personality: ᐃᓅᑉ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᐊ: inuup iliqqusia: personnalité

The kind of person you are. She had a very nice personality: she always smiled and she listened to people whenever they had a problem.

Personality Disorder: ᐃᓅᖃᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᔪᕈᑎᓕᒃ: inuuqatiqattiarnirmik ajurutilik: troubles de la personnalité

An abnormal kind of personality, where the person has problems getting along with others and sees things in a very judgmental, "black and white" way. This is considered a kind of mental illness.

Perspective¹: ᑕᐅᑐᒃᑕᖓ, ᑕᐅᑦᑐᐊ: tautuktanga, tauttua: perspective

Point of view. I'd like you to try to understand this from his perspective.

Perspective²: ᒥᒃᓯᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᓴᐱᕈᓐᓃᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃᑕᑯᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᑐᑭᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: miksiqaliqtittiniq, sapirunniirutiksanik takutittiniq, tukiqaliqtittiniq: voir quelque chose sous son vrai jour

To make all the parts of a problem their proper "size", so that they make sense, seeing things realistically, not as "too big to handle." It's important to help your clients put their problems in perspective: sometimes they see something as much more complicated than it really is.

Phase: ᖃᓄᐃᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᑉ ᓇᓃᓐᓂᕆᓕᖅᑕᖓ: qanuippallianiup naniinniriliqtanga: étape

A point or step in a process. Like "stage." She's at the detox phase of her alcohol treatment.

Phobia: ᑲᑉᐱᐊᒋᓗᐊᒪᔮᖅᑕᓪᓛᓗᓕᒃ, ᑲᑉᐱᐊᒋᔭᓕᒻᒪᕆᒃ: kappiagiluamajaaqtallaalulik, kappiagijalimmarik: phobie

A strong and not sensible fear about something. She had a phobia about being in a crowd of people, so she refused to go out to public places.

Physical Appearance: ᑕᐅᑦᑐᖅ: tauttuq: apparence physique

The way you look.

Physical Disability: ᑎᒥᒥᒍᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᑎ: timimigut ajuruti: déficience physique

Something wrong with your body, like being paralyzed or being blind.

Physiological: ᑎᒥᒨᖓᔪᖅ: timimuungajuq: physiologique

Having something to do with your body. There was no physiological reason for the pain in his stomach, so the doctor said it must be stress.

Pleasant: ᐊᓕᐊᓇᐃᑦᑐᖅ: alianaittuq: agréable

Making you feel good. I'd like you to do at least one pleasant thing every day.

Please: ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒃᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: quviasuktittiniq: plaire

To make other people happy by doing something for them. It's not possible to please everybody all the time.

Postnatal: ᐃᕐᓂᐊᓂᒃᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐃᕐᓂᕋᑖᕐᓂᑯ: irnianiksimaliqtillugu, irnirataarniku: postnatal

After giving birth. She suffered from postnatal depression.

Potential: ᐊᔪᙱᓐᓂᕋᓗᐊᖓ: ajunnginniraluanga: potentiel

The possibility of having something happen. You have the potential to change if you work at it.

Praise: ᓂᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ, ᖁᕝᕙᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓂᖅ: niqsuiniq, quvvariaqtittikkannirniq: faire l'éloge de

To say something nice to another person when they've done something well.

Precontemplation Stage: ᐅᔾᔨᕆᓕᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᕐᓂᒃᑰᖅᑐᖅ, ᐃᓱᒻᒫᓪᓚᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᖅ: ujjiriliqpallialirnikkuuqtuq, isummaallakpalliajuq: étape préliminaire de réalisation

The point at which a person is thinking about his drug or alcohol use. He's not quite ready to admit it, or start working on it.

Predict: ᑲᖐᓱᒃᑐᖅ (ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓂᐊᕋᓱᒋᓐᓈᔪᖅ): kangiisuktuq (taimainniarasuginnaajuq): prévoir

To give an opinion about what you think will probably happen. It's hard to predict what will happen when he leaves the program, because he doesn't have a lot of support at home.

Predisposition: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᓕᒃ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᔭᑦᑐᖅ (ᑕᐃᒪᐃᔭᑦᑐᖅ): iliqqusirijalik, iliqqusiqajattuq (taimaijattuq): prédisposition

A natural tendency to behave in a certain way, or a kind of built-in possibility of having something happen. Examples: He had a predisposition to think negatively. One theory says that some people have a predisposition to become alcoholics.

• Genetic predisposition: ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖏᓐᓂᖖᒑᕈᑎᐅᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓕᒃ: angajuqqaanginninngaarutiutuinnarialik: prédisposition génétique: An inborn tendency or possibility. There is evidence that some people may have a genetic predisposition to become alcoholics.

Preliminary: ᐱᒋᐊᙵᕈᑎ, ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᒋᐊᔭᔪᑦ: pigianngaruti, pigiaqtittigiajajut: préliminaire

Introductory; before the main part. I'd like to do a preliminary assessment before we decide which is the best program for you.

Premarital: ᐅᐃᒡᒐᓲᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᓖᑦᑑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᑲᑎᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᙱᑎᓪᓗᒍ: uiggasuutillugu, nuliittuutillugu, katititaulaunngitillugu: avant le mariage

Referring to the time before a person gets married. What was your premarital relationship like?

Prenatal: ᓯᖓᐃᑎᓪᓗᒍ (ᓇᔾᔨᑎᓪᓗᒍ), ᕿᑐᕐᖓᒃᓴᖃᕐᓂᖅ: ᐃᕐᓂᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ: singaitillugu (najjitillugu), qiturnngaksaqarniq, irnilauqtinnagu: prénatal

Referring to the time before a pregnant woman gives birth. Prenatal drug use can result in birth defects in the baby.

Presenting Problem: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᓇᓱᒋᓛᖓ: akaunngiliurutiginasugilaanga: problème d'ouverture

The problem that a person first tells you about when he comes for counselling. Her presenting problem was that her kids were getting into trouble, though later it became clear that she had a drinking problem.

Prevention: ᐱᑦᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖅ (ᓲᕐᓗ ᐊᓴᐱᑖᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᖅ): pittailimaniq (suurlu asapitaaqtailimaniq): prévention

Trying to make sure that a bad thing doesn't happen. Using condoms is the best way to prevent AIDS.

Primary: ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓪᓗᐊᑕᖅ: pijjutilluataq: premier, principal

The first, or main, or most important. The primary reason for her depression was that her husband was seeing another woman. His primary goal was to find a place to live; after that, he wanted to look for a job.

Prior: ᓯᕗᕐᖓᒍᑦ: sivurnngagut: avant

Before, or earlier. Prior to this event, he had never been violent. He had committed no prior crimes.

Priority: ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᔾᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ: sivulliqpaujjaujarialik: priorité

The most important thing, the thing that should be taken care of first. The priority is the safety of the children.

Problem-Solving Method: ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕈᑎ: akaunngiliurutiujunut aaqqigiaruti: méthode de règlement des problèmes

A specific method for solving a variety of problems. It involves making a list of all the possible solutions and figuring out which one would be the best one to try.

Process: ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ: atuqtauvalliajarialiit: processus

The whole series of steps when something happens. The process of custom adoption may be changed.

Process Goal: ᐊᑐᒐᒃᓴᒐᓇᐃᑦ: atugaksaganait: but secondaire

The small goals you set that help you get to your main goal. One of his process goals for losing weight is to exercise at least three times a week.

Progress: ᐱᕙᓪᓕᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ, ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᖅ: pivalliqpallianiq, ingirrajuq: évolution

Moving forward. When you tell me that you don't yell at the kids as much, that tells me you're making progress towards your goal.

Protection: ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ: sapujjiniq: protection

Keeping someone or something safe from harm. The protection of the children is most important.

Psychiatrist: ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᔨ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᒻᒪᕆᒃ (ᓂᐊᖁᓕᕆᔨ): inuusiliriji ilinniaqsimajummarik (niaquliriji): psychiatre

A medical doctor who is specially trained to treat mental illness.

Psychoactive Drug: ᐄᔭᒐᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᓗᐊᕇᒃᑯᑦ: iijagaq isumaluariikkuti: médicament psychoactif

Any drug or medicine that changes your mood, or changes the way you see, hear, taste, feel, or smell. Examples of psychoactive drugs are: alcohol, marijuana, antidepressants, and so on.

Psychological: ᐃᓱᒪᒨᖓᔪᖅ: isumamuungajuq: psychologique

Having to do with a person's mind. There are many psychological reasons why people act in certain ways.

Psychologist: ᐃᓱᒪᓕᕆᔨ: isumaliriji: psychologue

A specially trained person who helps people solve their personal problems by helping them figure out what they're thinking and feeling.

Psychology: ᐃᓱᒪᓕᕆᓂᖅ: isumaliriniq: psychologie

The study of the mind and how it affects a person's behaviour.

Psychosis: ᐃᓱᒪᐃᕈᑎᓯᒪᓂᖅ, ᐃᓱᒪᐃᒍᑎᓯᒪᓂᖅ (ᑐᑮᕈᑎᓯᒪᓂᖅ): isumairutisimaniq, isumaigutisimaniq (tukiirutisimaniq): psychose

Severe mental illness where the person loses contact with reality.

Psychosomatic: ᐃᓱᒫᓘᑎᖃᓗᐊᒧᑦ ᑎᒥᒥᒍᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖅᑰᔨᓕᖅᑎᑦᑐᖅ: isumaaluutiqaluamut timimigut aanniaqquujiliqtittuq: psychosomatique

When a person has physical signs of sickness but there is no physical reason for the illness: it is caused by the mind, the person's feelings or thoughts.

Psychotherapy: ᐃᓱᒫ ᐃᓗᐊᖅᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᖅ: isuma iluaqsaqtaujuq: psychothérapie

The treatment of serious emotional problems.

Psychotic: ᐃᓄᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᐃᕈᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᑐᑮᕈᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ: inuk isumairutisimajuq, tukiirutisimajuq: psychotique

When a person is in a state of serious mental illness where he has lost touch with reality. She is showing psychotic behaviour: she believes the people on TV are talking directly to her, and she wanders around town talking to invisible people.

Puberty: ᕿᑐᕐᖏᐅᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᔪᖅ: qiturnnguirunnaqsijuq: puberté

The stage in life (usually early in the teenage years) when people develop the physical ability to have sex and make babies.

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Q

Quality: ᐱᐅᓂᖓ: piuninga: qualité

Referring to the kind or condition of something. The quality of counselling services is improving as people get more training.

Quantity: ᖃᔅᓯᐅᓂᖓ: qassiuninga: quantité

Referring to the amount of something. Keep track of the quantity of cigarettes you smoke next week.

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R

Rational: ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕆᔪᓐᓇᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ: isumaliurijunnattiaqtuq: rationnel

Sensible, reasonable or sane. There's a rational reason why I acted like that.

Rationalization: ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ: pijjutiksaliurniq: rationalisation

An excuse you make to explain or justify why you acted a certain way. His rationalization for getting violent was that she nagged him.

Rational Recovery: ᐃᓱᒪᑦᑎᐊᕋᓱᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᓕᖅᑐᖅ: isumattiarasuaqłuni aaqqikpallialiqtuq: rétablissement rationnel

A self-help group for people with drug and alcohol problems. It believes that people can take control of their own lives and stop abusing substances by making a conscious decision to quit, and by changing the ways they think about themselves and their lives.

Reaction: ᑕᕝᕙᙵᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇᖅ, ᑕᕝᕙᙵᕐᔪᐃᓐᓇᖅ: tavvanngattainnaq, tavvanngarjuinnaq: réaction

The way you act or feel when a certain thing happens. When she started to yell, the boy's reaction was to hide under the bed.

Recovery: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᖅ: aaqqikpalliajuq: rétablissement

Becoming healthy again, physically, spiritually or emotionally.

Recurrence: ᐱᒋᐊᒃᑲᓐᓃᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ: pigiakkanniinaaqattarniq: récurrence

Happening again. Since he got treated for his alcoholism, there has been no recurrence of violence.

Referral: ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᒧᙵᐅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: ikajurniqsaujumunngautittiniq: présentation

Sending a person to someone else who can be helpful to him. The teacher made a referral for the child to see the counsellor.

Regress: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: iliqqusituqarminut utituinnaqtuq: régresser

To start behaving or thinking or feeling the way you did in the past, even though you had changed for a while. Although the boy was doing well in the foster home, he regressed when he went back to his natural family.

Regret: ᐅᒡᒍᐊᕐᓂᖅ: ugguarniq: regretter

To be sorry you did something. I regret that I lied to her.

Rehabilitate: ᐃᓄᒻᒪᒃᓴᕐᓂᖅ: inummaksarniq: réhabiliter

To give someone the help they need to live a normal useful life again. Jails are supposed to rehabilitate criminals.

Reinforce: ᐱᒋᐊᓪᓚᒃᑲᓐᓂᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ: pigiallakanniqtittiniq: renforcer

To strengthen or encourage. If you praise a child, it will reinforce his good behaviour.

Reinforcement: ᑎᓕᐅᖅᓯᒋᐊᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓂᖅ: tiliuqsigiakkannirniq: renforcement

Something that strengthens or encourages a certain behaviour. Positive reinforcement like praise works better than punishment if you want your child to behave a certain way.

Rejection: ᐃᒃᐱᒋᔭᐅᓱᕆᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐱᔪᒪᔭᐅᓇᓱᒋᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ikpigijausurinngittuq, pijumajaunasuginngittuq: réjection, rejet

A feeling that you're being emotionally pushed away or ignored, that the other person doesn't want to be involved with you.

Relapse: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᓂᖅ: iliqqusiqsituqarilauqtanut utirniq: rechute

To fall back into old patterns of behaviour. He had been sober for many months, but when he lost his job, he had a relapse and started drinking again.

Relationship: ᐱᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: piqatigiingniq: relation

A connection or involvement between two or more people. She always gets into relationships with men who are bad to her. Mary and John have a good relationship.

Remorse: ᐅᒡᒍᐊᕐᔪᐊᕐᓂᖅ: ugguarjuarniq: remords

Feeling sorry about something you did. He felt a lot of remorse for hitting his son.

Repress: ᐳᐃᒍᖅᓯᒪᑎᓐᓂᖅ: puiguqsimatinniq: refouler

To push a painful memory so deeply into the back of your mind that you don't know it's there. She'd repressed the memories of the abuse and only started to remember when she was talking to her sister.

Resentful: ᐊᑲᖅᓴᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐊᑲᐅᒃᓴᙱᓐᓂᖅ: akaqsannginniq, akauksannginniq: avoir du ressentiment

To feel angry and bitter about something or someone. She was resentful that everybody else got a present except her.

Resistant: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᒪᙱᓐᓂᖅ: asijjirumannginniq: réticent

Fighting (mentally or emotionally) against something or someone; not wanting to do something. He was resistant to any suggestion that he change his behaviour.

Resolution¹: ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑎᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃᑐᖅ: aaqittiarutiksaniktuq: résolution

The clearing up of a problem. There won't be a resolution to this problem until we sit down and talk about it.

Resolution²: ᐊᒃᓱᕈᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑎᐊᕈᒪᓂᖅ: aksuruttiaqłuni aaqqittiarumaniq: résolution

A firm decision. He made a resolution to get help for his drug problem.

• Conflict Resolution: ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑎᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃᑐᖅ: Aaqqittiarutiksaniktuq: résolution du conflit: Settling arguments and disagreements. He used to threaten people who disagreed with him, but he's learned better conflict resolution skills: now he's willing to at least to their opinions.

Resolve¹: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑐᖅ, ᓈᒻᒪᒃᓯᔪᖅ: aaqiktuq, naammaksijuq: résoudre

To straighten out or solve or deal with a problem. There are several ways you might resolve your anger against your sister.

Resolve²: ᐱᔪᒪᔪᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ: pijumajuq aaqittiarnirmik: résoudre

To make a firm decision. He resolved never to drink again.

Resource: ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᒃᓴᖅ: ikajurutiksaq: ressource

Anything that helps you get what you need or want. It was a small community and there were not many resources for people who had personal problems.

Reward: ᐱᒃᑯᒋᓂᖅ, ᑐᓂᓯᓂᖅ, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓂᖅ: pikkuginiq, tunisiniq, ilisarijauniq: récompense

Something good that you get, or something positive that happens when you do something. My reward for quitting drinking is that my wife and kids like to spend time with me now.

Rigid: ᐃᓕᕋᓇᖅᑐᖅ, ᓱᖁᓯᕈᒻᒪᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᒻᒪᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ (ᑎᓯᔪᖅ): iliranaqtuq, suqusirummaunngittuq, asijjirummaungittuq (tisijuq): rigide

Very strict; not bending; not willing or able to change. They had very rigid rules. He was a very rigid person who believed that his way of doing things was the only right way.

Risk: ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᕐᓂᖅ: attanarniq: risque

An uncertain or scary possibility. Making a change is always a risk because you don't know if it will work out. I want to take the risk of going back, because maybe things have changed.

Ritual: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᓯᖅ: qanuiliurusiq: rituel

A pattern of doing things in a certain way. The family had a bedtime ritual for the children: first they would have a bath, then they'd sing a song, and then grandma would tell them a story while they lay in bed.

Role: ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᐅᑏᑦ: aturniqautiit: rôle

Purpose or duty or responsibility or part. The role of a counsellor is to help the client figure out the best way to solve his problem. His unemployment plays a big role in their marriage problems.

• Gender Role: ᐊᖑᑕᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ, ᐊᕐᓴᐅᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᕿᐊᖏᑦ: angutaunirminut, arnaunirminut piliariangit: rôle du sexe: The things that you do or the responsibilities that you take on because you are a man or a woman. In the past, gender roles were often very specific: men did certain things and women did certain things. Today, there is much more mixing.
• Role Model: ᐃᔾᔪᐊᕈᒥᓇᖅᑐᖅ: ijjuaruminaqtuq: rôle modèle: A person who does things in a way that others admire and learn from. He was a good role model for the younger man: he supported his family by hunting, and never drank.
• Roleplay: ᐊᔪᕈᓐᓃᖅᓴᕐᓂᖅ, ᐱᔭᕆᐅᖅᓴᓂᖅ: ajurunniiqsarniq, pijariuqsaniq: mise en situation: To practice something or show something by acting it out. I'd like you to roleplay exactly what happened yesterday.

Routine: ᐱᐅᓯᕆᕙᒃᑕᖅ: piusirivaktaq: routine

A usual pattern of behaviour or organized way of doing things. The Young Offenders' centre has a strict routine: the boys have to get up at a certain time, attend school every day, and have a staff member with them when they go out.

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S

Safe Home: ᕿᒫᕝᕕᒃ: qimaavvik: refuge sûr

A place where you can stay if you are in danger in your own home.

Satisfied: ᓈᒻᒪᑦᑎᐊᕈᓱᖕᓂᖅ: naammattiarusungniq: satisfait

Happy and feeling fine. He was satisfied at how things turned out.

Scapegoat: ᒪᖅᑲᑖᖅ, ᐱᒃᑲᖅᑕᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ, ᓵᓚᐅᓗᐊᖅᑐᖅ: maqqataaq, pikkaqtaugajuktuq, saalauluaqtuq: bouc émissaire

A person who is always picked on and made to take the blame for something even though he didn't do it. The daughter was the scapegoat in the family-anything that went wrong was blamed on her.

Schizophrenia: ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅᓱᙱᑦᑐᖅ: iliqqusiqsunngittuq: schizophrénie

A kind of mental illness where the person's thoughts, behaviour, communication, etc. become very strange: he may have hallucinations, hear voices, talk in strange ways, behave abnormally, etc.

Screen: ᖃᐅᔨᒐᓱᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ: qaujigasuaqtauniq: filtrer

To sort out; to figure out what belongs and what doesn't belong in a certain group. The clients were screened for drug problems.

Sedative: ᕿᒃᑲᒃᓴᐅᑦ: qikkaksaut: sédatif

Any drug that slows you down and makes you tired.

Self-Awareness: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᒃᑐᖅ: ingminik ujjirusuktuq: conscience de soi

Understanding yourself and knowing why you do the things you do.

Self-Concept: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᖕᓂᖅ: ingminik ujjirusungniq: perception de soi

The way you "see" yourself. She had a poor self-concept: she thought she was ugly and stupid.

Self-Confidence: ᖁᓱᒋᙱᓐᓂᖅ: qusuginnginniq: confiance en soi

Believing in yourself and not being afraid to do things. He had a lot of self-confidence and went into the interview believing he would get the job.

Self-Conscious: ᑲᙳᒋᔪᖅ: kanngugijuq: mal à l'aise

Shy and nervous about yourself.

Self-Disclosure: ᐊᓂᐊᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓐᓂᖅ: aniattiniq, ingminik saqqittinniq: divulgation

Telling someone something private about yourself. The counsellor used self-disclosure in order to show her client that even counsellors can have problems.

Self-Esteem: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᒋᓂᕆᔭᖅ: ingminik qanuiginirijaq: estime de soi

How you feel about yourself, whether you like yourself or not. She had good self-esteem: she was proud of herself.

Self-Help Group: ᐃᑲᔪᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ: ikajuqatigiktut: groupe d'entraide

A group of people who all have similar problems, and get together to help each other. Alcoholics Anonymous and Rational Recovery are self-help groups for people with alcohol problems.

Self-Talk: ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᑎᕙᖕᓂᖅ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᔾᔪᐃᓂᖅ (ᐃᓱᒪᒃᑯᑦ): ingminik uqautivangniq, ingmimik uqaujjuiniq (isumakkut): monologue

The things you tell yourself in your mind. Rather than tell yourself "I can't do this," change that self-talk to "I'm going to try this... it doesn't matter if I'm not perfect at it. I'll get better."

Sensitive¹: ᐃᓱᒻᒫᓪᓚᒃᓴᕋᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᒃᐱᒍᓱᒃᓴᕋᐃᑦᑐᖅ, ᐅᔾᔨᕈᓱᒃᓴᕋᐃᑦᑐᖅ: isumallaksaraittuq, ikpigusuksaraittuq, ujjirusuksaraittuq: sensible

Easily affected by people and emotions. She was very sensitive and cried easily.

Sensitive²: ᐊᓯᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓱᒪᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ: asiminik isumattiaqtuq: sensible à

Aware and caring of other people's feelings. She was sensitive to her friend's situation and tried hard to be supportive.

Sensitive³: ᐊᑦᑕᕈᓱᖕᓂᖅ, ᐊᑦᑕᕈᓱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: attarusungnik, attarusuttiarniq: délicat

Having to be handled carefully. It is a very sensitive issue, so we have to think carefully before we do anything.

Sequence: ᖃᓄᐃᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓃᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ: qanuippallianiit kajusivallianinga: séquence

Something that happens step by step, one after the other. Describe the sequence of events for me: what did he do, what happened next, and so on.

Serotonin: ᐊᐅᓚᔾᔭᐃᓯᒪᓂᖅ (ᓯᓂᒍᓐᓇᐅᑎ, ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᐅᑎ, ᓄᒫᓲᑎ) ᑎᒥᒦᑦᑐᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑉᐸᖕᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖃᓲᖅ: aulajjaisimaniq (sinigunnauti, iqqaumauti, numaasuuti) timimiittuq piusittinnik qanuippangnittinniglu aktuiniqasuuq: sérotonine

A chemical produced by our brain which passes messages along our nervous system, and which influences things such as sleep, memory, depression, etc.

Sexual Harassment: ᓄᓕᐊᕐᓂᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᓂᖅ: nuliarnilirivviuniq: harcèlement sexuel

When someone makes sexual suggestions to you even when they know you're not interested.

Shelter: ᕿᒫᕝᕕᒃ: qimaavik: refuge

A safe place.

Short-Term: ᐊᑯᓂᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ (ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕆᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ): akuniungittuq (piliriarijarialik): court terme

Involving a fairly short period of time. Eventually, I'd like to work with children, but my short-term goal is to finish this last year of training.

Sibling: ᖃᑕᙳᑎ: qatannguti: frère ou soeur

A brother or a sister.

Significant: ᐊᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ, ᐳᐃᒍᒐᒃᓴᐅᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐊᑲᐅᓂᖃᕐᓂᖅ: aktuqtauniq, puigugaksaunnginniq, akauniqarniq: important

Important. It's significant that he made his own decision to get help.

• Significant other: ᐅᕙᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᓕᒃ: uvattinik aktuinilik: une personne qui influe sur quelqu'un: An important person in your life, someone who has a personal influence on you. The significant others in our lives, like parents and friends, give us a sense of whether we're good or bad.

Skill: ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᓂᖅ, ᐊᔪᙱᑦᑎᐊᓕᕐᓂᖅ: pijunnaqsiniq, ajunngittialirniq: compétence

The ability to do something well. Learning how to control anger is a skill you can learn.

Sniffing: ᓂᐅᖅᓯᑳᕐᓂᖅ: niuqsikaarniq: inhaler par le nez

Breathing in the gases off things like glue or propane, etc., in order to get "high."

Sober: ᐊᖓᔮᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᐅᔭᕋᒃᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ: aangajaanngittuq, imialuksimanngittuq, aangajaarnaqtuqtuqsimanngittuq, ujaraksimaanngittuq: sobre

Not under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or not using alcohol too much. He finally decided to stop drinking and live a sober life.

Sobriety: ᐋᖓᔮᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐃᒥᖅᓯᒪᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐅᔭᕋᒃᓯᒪᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐃᒥᖅᐸᙱᓐᓂᖅ: aangajaannginniq, imiqsimannginniq, ujaraksimannginniq, imiqpannginniq: sobriété

The state of being sober. Alcohol and drug counsellors must sign a sobriety agreement.

Social Assistance: ᓂᖃᐃᓲᑎᑦ, ᐃᑲᔫᓯᐊᑦ, ᓱᒃᑯᐊᕿᔾᔪᓯᐊᖅ: niqaisuutit, ikajuusiat, sukkuaqijjusiaq: aide sociale

A government program that gives you money to live on if you have no job or money.

Social Drinking: ᖁᕕᐊᓱᓗᒍᒪᒧᑦ ᐃᒥᐊᕐᔪᖕᓂᖅ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᒍᑎᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᒥᒐᓛᑦᑐᓂ: quviasulugumamut imiarjungniq, ilagijaugutiqarasuaqtuq imigalaattuni: consommation sociale (alcool)

Drinking a little bit when you're out with friends or at special occasions.

Socialize¹: ᐃᓚᒌᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ, ᖁᕕᐊᓱᓗᑯᓘᔭᕐᓂ, ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖅ: ilagiittiarniq, quviasulukuluujarniq, inuuqatigiingniq: socialiser

To get together with others in a friendly way. My friends and I get together to socialize every Friday night at Mary's house, playing cards and listening to music.

Socialize²: ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᐃᓅᖃᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᐅᑉ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ: ilinniaqtittiniq inuuqatauttiarunnarniup miksaanut: socialiser

To teach a person (usually a child) the acceptable skills and behaviours they need to get along smoothly with others in the community and culture he lives in. Children must be socialized to act in a caring, sharing way.

Social Learning: ᐊᔪᕆᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒥᓂᑦ ᑕᐅᑐᒃᐸᒃᑕᒥᓂᑦ, ᐊᓯᒥᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᖅ (ᒪᓕᒃᓴᐅᑎᓂᖅ): ajurittuq inuuqatiminit tautukpaktaminit, asimit ilinniq (maliksautiniq): apprentissage par la socialisation

Learning to behave in certain ways by interacting with others and watching what the people around you do.

Social Skills: ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᓚᐅᔪᓐᓇᑦᑎᐊᕈᑎᒋᓂᐊᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒥᓄᑦ, ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: qaujimattiarniq ilaujunnattiarutiginiaqtaminik inuuqatiminut, inuuqatigiittiarniq: compétences sociales

Knowing what to say and how to behave when you're with people, in acceptable ways that fit in with your community and culture.

Social Worker: ᐃᓄᓕᕆᔨ, ᐊᔪᖅᓴᖅᑐᓕᕆᔨ, ᓂᖃᐃᓱᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨ: inuliriji, ajuqsaqtuliriji, niqaisuqtittiji: travailleur social

A person who is specially trained to help people and communities solve their problems.

Sociopath: ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᒃᖠᒃᑳᓗᒃ: silairrikłikkaaluk: asocial

A person whose behaviour goes strongly against what is acceptable in the society, and who does not care if what he's doing is right or wrong, or if he hurts others.

Solvent: ᐋᖓᔮᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᓂᐅᖅᓯᑳᖅᑕᐅᓲᑦ: aangajaarnaqtut niuqsikaaqtausuut: solvant

Certain chemicals, like glue or gasoline or kerosene or paint thinner, which give off gases. Some people breathe in these gases to get "high."

Spousal Assault: ᓂᖓᕐᓂᖅ: ningarniq: agression d'un conjoint

When a husband or wife gets violent with the other.

Spouse: ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖅ (ᓄᓕᐊᖅ/ᐅᐃ): aippaq (nuliaq, ui): époux, épouse, conjoint

A husband or wife; one of the partners in a marriage.

Stable: ᑐᙵᓂᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: tunnganiqattiarniq: stable

Firmly in place the way it should be; or, reasonable, calm and sensible. It was a very stable family, with no big problems. She was a stable person who never got out of control.

Stage: ᖃᓄᐃᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᑉ ᓇᓃᓐᓂᕆᓕᖅᑕᖓ: qanuippallianiup naniinniriliqtanga: étape

A certain level or point in a process. Similar to "phase." The child is at the stage of development where she can walk around if she has something to hold on to.

Standard: ᐱᔾᔪᓯᐅᔪᖅ: Pijjusiujuq: norme

An accepted or approved way of doing something, or the accepted and approved quality or idea, etc. The centre had high standards: they wanted their staff to have good training and to be good role models in the community.

Stereotype: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᓇᓱᒋᑦᑎᓂᖅ: taimaittuinnaunasugittiniq: stéréotype

A very simple, general idea or image about something, which is believed to be real or complete or always true. He denied that he had an alcohol problem, because he had a stereotype of an alcoholic as being someone who was always falling-down drunk. And he didn't act like that. Some people stereotype fat people as being lazy and undisciplined.

Stimulant: ᐆᒻᒪᔾᔭᕆᒃᓯᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ: uummajjariksinaqtuq: stimulant

Anything that speeds you up, gets you more active and excited. Can be a drug or something else. The other kids' enthusiasm was a stimulant to him, so he started to get excited too.

Stoned: ᐅᔭᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: ujaraksimajuq: ivre, gelé

To be under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the point that you're not acting or thinking normally.

Strategy: ᐸᕐᓇᒍᑏᑦ: parnagutiit: stratégie

A plan or a way of getting something done. The centre taught their clients various strategies that would help them stay sober once they went back to their home communities.

Stress: ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅᓯᐅᕐᓂᖅ: aksururnaqtuqsiurniq: stress

Anything that makes you feel tight and tense and anxious and under pressure. It can affect your mind or your body. She was under a lot of stress at home because she was a single mother with little money.

Stressor: ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ: aksururnaqtut: agent stresseur

Anything that makes you feel stressed. She had many stressors in her life: a sick child, not enough money and no work.

Structured: ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᑦᑎᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: aaqiksuttiaqsimajuq: structure

Organized in a certain way, with several parts fitting together into a whole plan. The young offenders' centre has a very structured program, with clear rules and expectations and consequences.

Subconscious: ᐅᔾᔨᕆᙱᑕᖅ: ujjirinngitaq: subconscient

The part of your mind and memory which you aren't aware of. She had buried the bad memories so deep in her subconscious that she forgot they had happened.

Substance Abuse: ᓱᕐᕋᖕᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᕐᓂᕐᓗᖕᓂᖅ: surrangnaqtunik aturnirlungniq: consommation abusive

Using too much of any drug or alcohol so that it has bad effects on your life or body or mind.

Suicidal: ᐃᖕᒦᓃᕈᒪᔭᑦᑐᖅ: ingminiirumajattuq: suicidaire

Feeling like you want to kill yourself.

Summarize: ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᔪᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᒋᐊᖃᓛᓂᒃ: nalunaiqsijuq qaujimajaugiaqalaanik: résumer

To retell something in a shorter way, picking out only the most important parts. He'd written a long report, but the judge asked him to summarize it in only a few sentences.

Support System: ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᒌᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᓂᖅ: ikajuqtigiiqattautiniq: réseau de soutien

Family or friends or other people who are available to help you when you need it.

Survivor: ᐊᓂᒍᐃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: aniguisimajuq: survivant

Someone who has suffered through some really bad event. Or, someone who has managed to do OK even though bad things have happened to him. She was an incest survivor, and was only now able to start dealing with it. He's a survivor: even though he had a terrible childhood, he's been able to make a happy life for himself.

Sympathize: ᑐᑭᓯᓂᖃᕈᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑖᔅᓱᒪ ᐊᒃᓱᕉᑎᒋᔮᓂᒃ: Tukisiniqarumattiarniq taassuma aksuruutigijaanik: sympathiser

To try to help someone feel better by understanding or sharing or agreeing with their feelings. To show compassion and caring.

Symptom: ᓱᖅᑯᐃᓇᕈᑎᑦ: suqquinarutit: symptôme

A sign of something, usually used when referring to sickness or emotional problems. She had many symptoms of depression: she cried a lot, slept all the time and wasn't eating.

Systems Theory: ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓲᑎᑦ ᐃᓅᑦᑎᐊᕈᑎᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᙵᖕᒪᖔᑕ: qaujinasuutit inuuttiarutingit katinngangmangaata: théorie des systèmes

In counselling, the idea of looking at a situation or a problem or a life as a "whole," rather than just at certain parts; the idea that every part affects every other part. For example, when dealing with a person's drinking problem, you also have to look at his family relationships, money situation, home environment, etc.

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Target Behaviour: ᑕᐅᑐᒡᓗᒍ ᐊᓯᕈᕈᑎᒋᔪᒪᔭᐃᑦ: tautuglugu asirurutigijumajait: comportement recherché

The behaviour that you want to focus on.

Task: ᓱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᑦ: suliriaksat: tâche

A piece of work that you need to do. The first task in recovering from an alcohol problem is to acknowledge that you have a problem.

Tension: ᓱᑲᒃᑲᖓᓂᖅ: sukakkanganiq: tension

A feeling of pressure and tightness in the mind or the body. She felt tension every time she saw him, making her just want to run away.

Termination: ᐱᔭᕇᕐᓂᖅ, ᓄᖅᑲᕐᓂᖅ: pijariirniq, nuqqarniq: cessation

The ending of some activity. At the termination of counselling, you should plan for a follow-up appointment.

Thankful: ᖁᔮᕐᓂᖅ: qujaarniq: reconnaissant

Feeling happy and pleased about something good that someone has done for you.

Theory: ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓇᓱᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ: Taimainnasugijaujuq: théorie

An explanation of why something happens. We don't know for sure whether it is true, but it makes sense. There are many theories about why people develop alcohol problems.

Therapeutic: ᐃᓗᐊᖅᓯᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ/ᐊᑲᐅᓯᓇᖅᑐᖅ: iluaqsinnaqtuq, akausinaqtuq: thérapeutique

Making you feel healthier and better in your mind or body. Going out for a long walk can be very therapeutic when you're feeling stressed.

Therapist: ᒪᒥᓴᐃᔨ: mamisaiji: thérapeute

A healer, a person who is specially trained to help heal your mind or body using certain kinds of activities or exercises.

Therapy: ᒪᒥᓴᕐᓂᖅ: mamisarniq: thérapie

Any treatment that helps your mind or body heal and get healthier.

Time Out: ᓄᖅᑲᑲᐃᓐᓈᕐᔪᖕᓂᖅ: nuqqakainnaarjungniq: pause

An arrangement that if people are having an argument that is starting to get really stressful, they will take a break from the discussion and go somewhere for a few minutes to calm down. Then they can start the discussion again. The couple agreed that they would take a 15-minute time-out if their discussions started to turn into fights.

Tolerance: ᓯᑦᑕᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: sittaksimajuq: tolérance

Being able to accept and handle something without visible bad effects. He had developed a high tolerance for alcohol, and could keep drinking even after other people passed out. He had no tolerance for people who complain all the time; he would quickly tell them to quit whining.

Toxic: ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᓕᒃ: attarnaqtulik: toxique

Poisonous. Solvents are toxic chemicals.

Tranquilizer: ᖃᓱᑦᑕᐅᑦ: qasuttaut: tranquilisant

Any drug that calms you down.

Transition: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ: asijjiqpallianiq: transition

A change from one kind of situation to another. The community built a transition house where people just coming out of jail could live until they had a job and their own place.

Trauma: ᖁᐊᖅᓵᕐᓂᖅ: quaqsaarniq: traumatisme

An experience that causes strong emotional injury or pain. The trauma of losing her children made her realize that she had to change.

Traumatic: ᖁᐊᖅᓵᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ: quaqsaarnaqtut: traumatique

Causing strong emotional injury or pain. The separation was very traumatic for her, and she went into a deep depression.

Treatment: ᐃᓅᓕᓴᕐᓂᖅ: inuulisarniq: traitement

A way of healing your mind or body and making it healthy again.

• Treatment centre: ᐃᓅᓕᓴᕐᕕᒃ: inuulisarvik: centre de traitement: A place where you stay while you are healing or getting better.

Tremors: ᓴᔪᖕᓂᖅ: sajungniq: tremblements

The shakes. After a night of heavy drinking, he had a bad headache and tremors.

Trigger: ᐃᖅᑲᐃᑎᑦᑎᑲᓪᓚᒃᑐᖅ, ᖃᓄᐃᓕᑎᑦᑎᑲᓪᓚᒃᑐᖅ: iqqaitittikallaktuq, qanuilitittikallaktuq: déclencheur

Something that suddenly causes something else to happen. Seeing her uncle again triggered a memory she had long forgotten. The smell of beer is a trigger that gives him the urge to drink.

Trivialize: ᓱᕙᓕᑭᐊᖅ, ᐊᑐᕐᓂᖃᙱᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᓱᓇᐅᒃᓴᙱᑦᑐᖅ, ᖁᔭᓈᖅᓯᓯᒪᓂᖅ: suvalikiaq, aturniqanngitittiniq, sunauksanngittuq, qujanaaqsisimaniq: banaliser

To make something seem unimportant. She trivialized her son's stealing, saying it was something all boys do sometimes.

Trust: ᑕᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ, ᐅᒃᐱᖁᓱᖕᓂᖅ: tatiqarniq, ukpirusungniq: confiance

To feel sure that you can depend on someone or something.

Twelve Steps: 12ᖑᔪᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ: 12ngujuit maligait: douze étapes

The procedure that the self-help group Alcoholics Anonymous uses to help people stop themselves from drinking. It involves certain steps like admitting you have no control over your drinking, and being willing to look honestly at yourself. (The same steps are used by other kinds of self-help groups too.)

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Unconditional: ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕈᓐᓇᙱᑦᑐᖅ: asijjirunnanngittuq: inconditionnel

Absolute; not having any conditions like "I'll only do this if..." Children need unconditional love: they need to know they're loved even when they do something they shouldn't do.

Under The Influence: ᐋᖓᔭᖅᑐᖅ, ᐅᔭᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ: aangajaqtuq, ujaraksimajuq: sous l'influence

Being under the influence of alcohol or drugs; being in a condition where it's obvious you've used alcohol or drugs.

Unique: ᐊᔾᔨᒋᔭᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ: ajjigijaunngittuq: unique

One-of-a-kind; there's nothing else that's the same. You're problem is not unique: those feelings are quite common when people are under stress. Each person is unique.

Urge: ᐱᔪᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ: pijumaniqaqtuq: envie

The feeling that you really want to do something. She really had an urge to hit her child, but she controlled it and sent him to his room instead.

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Values: ᐊᑲᐅᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᓗᒋᑦ/ᓱᓕᔪᕆᔭᕗᑦ: akaugillugit uppirilugit: sulijurijavut: valeurs

The beliefs you have about what is important and good in life. She had strong values about being honest and responsible.

Vent: ᐊᓂᐊᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ: aniattiniq akaunngijjutinik: exprimer

To express emotions freely and openly. He vented his anger by punching a hole in the wall. Do you have few minutes to listen while I vent my feelings about what happened?

Verbal: ᓂᐱᒃᑯᑦ/ᓂᐱᑎᒍᑦ: nipikkut: nipitigut: de vive voix

Having to do with speaking and words.

Victim: ᐱᕋᔭᒃᑕᐅᔪᖅ: pirajaktaujuq: victime

A person who has had something bad or wrong done to him. She was a victim of sexual abuse. Even though he was the violent one, he acted like he was the victim.

Victimize: ᓵᓚᒋᔭᐅᓯᒪᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ, ᐃᖕᒥᓂᒃ ᓵᓚᐅᑎᑦᑐᖅ: saalagijausimatittiniq, ingminik salautittuq: victimiser

To do something wrong to someone; to make someone the victim of something bad. (Note: people can "victimize" themselves, by behaving and thinking like someone has done something wrong to them, even when it's not true; or by acting like they deserve to have bad things done to them. He victimized his grandmother by taking her old age security cheques. He victimized himself, blaming all his troubles on other people. She had learned to victimize herself and accept the beatings as being for her own good.

Violence: ᐋᓐᓂᖅᓯᕆᓂᖅ: aanniqsiriniq: violence

The use of physical force; for example, doing things like hitting.

Visualize: ᑕᐅᑐᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ: tautunnguarniq: visualiser

To picture something clearly in your mind. Try to visualize what you will be doing in five years.

Voluntary: ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᖅᑐᖅ: isumaqsuqtuq: volontaire

Done by your own choice, rather than being forced. He made a voluntary decision to go into treatment; nobody pushed him into it.

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Welfare¹: ᖃᓄᐃᙱᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ: qanuinngittiarniq: bien-être

Well-being and happiness. The welfare of our children is important, so we spend a lot of time with them.

Welfare² (Social assistance): ᐃᑲᔫᓯᐊᕐᓂᖅ: ikajuusiarniq: aide sociale

A program where the government gives you money for food and housing, if you don't have a job or money. (Same as "Social assistance.")

Wernicke's Disease: ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃᑎᐅᑯᑖᒃᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖃᕐᓂᖅ: imialuktiukutaaksimanirmut aanniaqarniq: maladie de wernicke (encéphalopathie)

Damage caused to the brain and nervous system as a result of long-term, heavy alcohol abuse. It causes symptoms like loss of memory, confusion and uncoordinated body movement.

Wholistic: ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᓕᒫᖅ: tamainnilimaaq: holistique

Having to do with the "whole" of something. Also spelled "holistic." A holistic-wholistic treatment program doesn't just pay attention to the fact that clients can't control their drinking: it looks at the whole person, including spirit, mind, body, culture, social relationships and environment.

Withdraw: ᕿᒪᕉᑎᓂᖅ, ᐊᕗᑎᓂᖅ: qimaruutiniq, avutiniq: se retirer

To pull back or pull away, physically or in your mind. One sign of depression is that a person starts to withdraw from others, spending more time alone.

Withdrawal: ᕿᒪᕉᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ, ᐊᕗᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ: qimaruutivallianiq, avutivallianiq: sevrage

The temporary bad physical and psychological reactions that happen when a person who is addicted gives up the drug that they've been using. When I stopped smoking, I had withdrawal signs such as nervousness and sleeplessness.

Worthless: ᓱᓇᐅᓇᓱᒋᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᑭᓲᓱᕆᙱᓐᓂᖅ, ᐊᑐᙱᑦᑑᒋᓂᖅ: sunnaunasuginnginniq, kisuusurinnginniq, atunngituuginiq: sans valeur

Not important or valuable at all. She had never been told that she was a good, loveable person, so she felt worthless.

Worthwhile: ᐊᑦᑐᕐᓂᓕᒃ: atturnilik: valable

Valuable; useful. Spending time talking to your kids is a worthwhile activity that will help your kids feel like they're worthwhile people.

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Young Offender: ᐅᑭᐅᑭᑦᑐᖅ ᐱᕋᔭᖕᓂᑯ: ukiukittuq pirajangniku: jeune contrevenant

A person under the age of 18 who has committed a crime.